CC- Proteins

prealbumin (transthyretin)

transport protein for thyroxine, retinol (vit A)

prealbumin (transthyretin)

detects malnutrition

albumin

most abundant transport protein. general transport protein

albumin

maintains oncotic pressure

alpha 1-antitrypsin

major inhibitor of protease activity in plasma

alpha 1-fetoprotein

most abundant protein in fetal serum
increase: presence of twins

orosomucoid

highest affinity for progesterone and binds drugs such as quinidine

Gc globulin

major vit D carrier

haptoglobin

binds free hemoglobin

decreased: hemolysis

alpha 2-macroglobuilin

largest non-immunoglobulin protein

10x in nephrosis

ceruloplasmin

binds copper

decreased: Wilson’s disease and Menkes kinky hair syndrome

transferrin

transports iron

hemopexin

binds heme

diagnose early hemolysis

B2-microglobulin

light chain component of MHC type I

indicates proximal tubule destruction of kidney

myoglobin

cardiac biomarker

increased: progressive muscular dystrophy and crushing injury

cardiac troponin

gold standard for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

BNP

marker for congestive heart failure

marker for TACO (1.5 ratio post to pre-transfusion)

plasma fibronectin

nutritional marker

fetal fibronectin

risk marker for premature delivery

adiponectin

inverse correlation between BMI and adiponectin values

decreased: increeased risk of heart disease, T2 DM, metabolic syndrome, obesity

beta-trace protein (BTP)

accurate marker for CSF leakage

cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX)

marker for bone resorption

cystatin C

marker for early assessment of changes in gfr

beta-gamma bridging

liver cirrhosis

M-spike, monoclonal gammopathy

Multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

polyclonal gammopathy

chronic infalammation

increased alpha 1 and alpha 2

acute inflammation

alpha 2 globulin spike

nephrotic syndrome

flat curve in alpha 1 region

emphysema, juvenile cirrhosis

Kjeldahl

measures nitrogen content of protein

Biuret

measures protein via peptide bonds (at least 2)

Reagent in Biuret Method

(RANK)

Rochelle salt

Alkaline copper sulfate

NaOH

KI

bromocresol purple

most specific dye for albumin

bromocresol green

most common dye for albumin

protein dye for electrophoresis

(CAP)

Coomassie brilliant blue

Amido black

Ponceau S