LIN228 Unit 3

What is apiration?

single voiceless stops before a stressed vowel

What is tapping?

/ t / or / d / where 2nd vowel or syllabic sonorant is unstressed

what is velarized laterals?

syllable-final / syllabic

what is unreleased stops?

voiceless and voiced stops word-finally

what is devoiced sonorants?

after a voiceless stop in the same syllable

what is a word example using the vowel / i /?

bead

what is a word example using the vowel / ɪ /?

bid

what is a word example using the vowel / ɛ /?

bed

what is a word example using the vowel / æ /?

bad

what is a word example using the vowel / ʌ /?

bud

what is a word example using the vowel / u /?

booed

what is a word example using the vowel / ʊ /?

book

what is a word example using the vowel / ɔ /?

bawd

what is a word example using the vowel / ɑ /?

body

what is a word example using the vowel / ə /?

about

what is a word example using the diphthong / ej /

bayed

what is a word example using the diphthong / aw /

bowed

what is a word example using the diphthong / aj /

bide

what is a word example using the diphthong / ow /

bode

what is a word example using the diphthong / ɔj /

boyd

what are the articulation parameters for / i /

high front unrounded tense

what are the articulation parameters for / ɪ /

high front unrounded lax

what are the articulation parameters for / ɛ /

front mid unrounded

what are the articulation parameters for / æ /

front low unronded

what are the articulation parameters for / ə /

central mid unrounded lax

what are the articulation parameters for / ʌ /

central low unrounded

what are the articulation parameters for / u /

back high rounded tense

what are the articulation parameters for / ʊ /

back high rounded lax

what are the articulation parameters for / ɔ /

back mid rounded

what are the articulation parameters for / ɑ /

back low unrounded lax

when do tense vowels occur?

in open (CV) and closed syllables (CVC)

when do lax vowels occur?

only in closed syllables

what does an unstressed schwa before an / ɹ / become?

/ ɚ /

what is nasalization?

vowels next to nasal consonants become nasalized

what is the nasalized symbol?

/ ◌̃ /

what is gliding?

high tense vowels / i / and / u / can be produced with a shwa-like glide / ə̯ /, before a syllable-final / l / [ ɫ ]

what is Canadian Raising?

when the first component of / aw / and / aj / is raised to [ ʌw ] and [ ʌj ] before voiceless consonants