Untitled Flashcard Set

Birth Rate

The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year.

Carrying Capacity

The maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can support sustainably.

Demographic Transition Model

A model that describes the transition of a country from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as it develops.

Ecological Footprint

A measure of human demand on the Earth's ecosystems, representing the amount of natural capital used by an individual or population.

Exponential Growth

Growth that occurs when the growth rate of a value is proportional to its current value, leading to a rapid increase.

Fertility Rate

The average number of children a woman would have during her lifetime.

Green Revolution

A series of research, development, and technology transfer initiatives that increased agricultural production worldwide.

Malthusian Theory

A theory that population growth will outpace food supply, leading to periodic famine and societal collapse.

Tragedy of the Commons

A situation in which individuals acting in their own self-interest deplete shared resources, leading to the detriment of the group.

Anthropocentrism

The belief that human beings are the central or most significant entities in the world.

Ecofeminism

A movement that combines ecological concerns with feminist ones, addressing the relationship between women and nature.

Racial Capitalism

A social and economic system in which the dynamics of capitalism are intertwined with racial exploitation.

Hetch Hetchy Debate

A historical debate regarding the preservation of a valley in Yosemite National Park for natural beauty vs. its use for water supply.

Externality

A cost or benefit incurred by a third party who did not choose to incur that cost or benefit.

Political Economy

The study of how economic theories such as capitalism or socialism influence political behavior and institutions.