Sex Pili and Fimbrae

What are sex pili?

Temporary tubular structures used during bacterial conjugation.

What genetic element encodes sex pili?

The F plasmid.

What protein are sex pili made of?

Pilin.

What shape do sex pili have?

Tubular.

Are sex pili permanent structures?

No, they are temporary.

What is the main function of a sex pilus?

To connect two bacterial cells.

What process requires a sex pilus?

Conjugation.

What happens during conjugation?

DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another.

How does the sex pilus help during conjugation?

It contracts and pulls the cells together.

What type of DNA is commonly transferred during conjugation?

Plasmid DNA.

What are fimbriae?

Short, hair-like bacterial structures.

What protein are fimbriae made of?

Pilin.

Are fimbriae short or long?

Short.

Are fimbriae few or numerous?

Numerous.

What is the primary function of fimbriae?

Adhesion.

What do fimbriae allow bacteria to attach to?

Surfaces and host tissues.

Why are fimbriae important in disease?

They help bacteria attach to host cells and establish infection.

Do fimbriae transfer DNA?

No.