aice us ch 2

manifest destiny

a doctrine that became the mantra for american expansion into the west

when was the manifest destiny

1840s-1850s

info abt manifest destiny

american settlers were justified in doing so bc its their duty to spread christianity and democracy

they pushed into the frontier until they reached the Pacific

once the “frontier was closed,” President McKinley set his sighs abroad

american imperialism

the economic, military and cultural influence of the US in other parts of the world

when did american imperialism start

1890s

what did the us shift from

isolationism

isolationism

staying out of the affairs of other nations

white mans burden

belief that white races had a responsibility to impose their civilization, industry, commerce and Christianity

civilizing mission

idea that colonization as part of the mission to civilize native peoples

1st reason on US expansion

desire for more markets

why did the US desire more markets

US became too dependent on domestic markets

too much was produced, prices fell, and businesses couldnt pay back bank loans

as businesses failed, unemployed raised

problem of desiring more markets

european countries practiced protectionism

US had competition with Europe in South American countries

domestic markets

number of consumers that may buy a product within the country’s borders

solution for desiring more markets

expand trade into asia, oceania (small islands in the Pacific Ocean) and the Caribbean by investing in production in those countries (aka open businesses in those countries)

2nd reason for US expansion

political interest

political interest

the US feared other powerful countries might exert control over certain areas before the US could

problem of political interest

european powers held spheres of influence in china

solution for political interest

open door policy

open door policy

US creates rules for the involvement of other nations in China that would give all nations operating in China equal access to trade in an effort to prevent any one country from controlling China. this allowed the US to get involved in trade with China without ruffling feathers

when was the open door policy made

1899

spheres of influence

holding political and economic power although you dont actually rule

effect of open door policy

there was sm foreign intervention in China by 1899, The Boxers began attacking troops, churches and missionaries in an effort to remove the foreign influence

the US joins Japan, Russia, Britain, France, and Italy to defeat The Boxers

China forced to pay reparations to the powers that saved them from The Boxers

The Boxers

a group of anti imperialist Chinese

reparations

compensation for war damage

3rd reason for US expansion

military motivations

miltary motivations

The US believed miltary power and control was key to being a global superpower thanks to a British man, Alfred T. Mahan

Alfred T, Mahan

British man who believed that miltary power and control was the key to Britain’s success

problem and solution to military motivations

the US needs to beef up their Navy in an effort to protect shipping lanes

the US needs military bases for the Navy so they set their sights on strategic locations around the world

why did the us want hawaii

economic interest in sugar

military need for Pearl Harbor because they wanted to build a naval base there

believed best option was to expand into islands for access to markets and resources

how did the us annex hawaii

in 1893, the Committee of Safety, supported by US Navy but not the US President, overthrows the Hawaiian leader Lili’uokalani who surrendered

The 13 businessmen who were apart of the Committee Safety appointed a government that would eventually be called the Republic of Hawaii

when was hawaii officially annexed

1898

what happened to hawaiians after the annexation

granted american citizenship

becomes a US state

when were residents granted american citizenship

1900

when did hawaii become a US state

1959