Electronegativity and Polarisation

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons in a covalent bond

Which properties make a more electronegative element

-High nuclear charge

-Small atomic radius

Polar bond

There is a difference in electronegativities between two atoms, such that the electrons are pulled more towards the electronegative atom

Why is there a partial charge across a polar bond

Electrons are spread unevenly across it

Dipole

A difference in charge between two atoms, caused by a shift in electron density

Electronegativity difference of a covalent bond

0

Electronegativity difference of an ionic bond

Greater than 2.0

Show, by drawing, that the H-Cl bond is polar

Polar molecule

Has an overall dipole

Explain when a molecule is polar

There is are polar bonds, that do not cancel out as the molecule is asymmetrical