AS physics U3

identify 2 health and safety issues from this apparatus
[4marks]

Describe a method student could use which doesn’t include force meter

• The stand may topple over

• clamp base of stand to bench

• rubber can (snap and) hit student’s eyes

• so wear safety goggles
  
  
  

• add known hanging masses until rubber band breaks

• calculate force using, F = mg

• repeating reduces the effect of random error
  
  

• i.e caused by variations in the temperature of the rubber bands

[NOTE: she varies θ and finds corresponding x, so:
angle of slope = independent variable
x = dependent variable
so any other variable that effects x (/dependent var) = control variable]

• Initial height of ball
  
  
  
  

• initial height affects GPE

• this would affect KE and so velocity of ball

3 criticism of any data
[3 marks]

• inconsistent significant figures/decimal places for x values (or y values or both)
  (depends on context)

[ for measurements like length or angle = decimal places

for calculated values like lambda or speed = significant figures]

• not enough readings
  (if less than 5 readings)
  
  

• no evidence of repeats

[unless data set is like:
20 - x
20 - y
20 - z
30 - x
30 - y
……, there is no evidence of repeats]

- Use a camera to record the motion

- then view in slow motion (to find the exact landing point of ball)

• metre rule should be clamped to stand and ensure metre rule is vertical using a set square
  
  

• make sure zero of the metre rule is level/aligned with surface of the water
  
  

• view metre rule perpendicularly / take reading perpendicularly from metre rule

if under 5 values no need to remove, but more than 5 then remove anamoly for mean