BIO 120- Active and Passive diffusion methods/ gradients

simple diffuison; passive; no

when molecules move down their gradient, direclty across lipid portion of membrane. Is this active or passive? Are transport proteins required?

channel mediated diffusion; passive; yes

when molecules cross the membrane using membrane channels created by transmembrane proteins to move down their concentration gradient. Is this passive or active? Are transport proteins required?

facilitated diffusion; passive; yes

uses carrier proteins to move molecules down their concentration gradient. Is this active or passive? Are transport proteins required?

osmosis; passive; no

The net diffusion of water across the membrane. Is this active or passive? Are transport proteins required?

primary Active transport; yes

Moves solutes agaisnt the concentration gradient. Are transport proteins required?

contransport; yes

Uses energy stored in the concentration gradient established by the primary active transport. Are transport proteins required?

sodiunm potassium ump; sodium

Example of contransport: Glucose uses the energy established by the ________ _________ _________ to move itself against its graident and into the cell alongside __________ which moves down the graident into the cell.

endocytosis

the movement of extracellular materials into the cell

phagocytosis

type of endocytosis: cell eating. phagosomes engulf bacteria and debris, then fuse with lysomes to spit it back outside

pinocytosis

type of endocytosis: cell drinking. Engulfs dissolved particles from the environment

receptor mediated endocytosis

type of endocytosis: susbtances transported are attached to special transport proteins

exocytosis

electrochemical gradient

out

does the electrochemcial gradient push CL into or out of the cell?

osmotic lysis

process when too much water moves into animal cell

crenation

process when too much water leaves animal cell

turgor pressure

process when too much water enters plant cell

plasmolysis

process when too much water leaves plant cell