Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development

Trust vs Mistrust

Birth to 18 months

The psychosocial task is to achieve a balance between trust and mistrust. Basic trust develops in the context of the relationship between the infant and the caregiver and forms the foundation for all other stages.

Autonomy vs Doubt and Shame

18 months to 3 years

The psychosocial task is for the toddler to achieve a sense of independence over their own body in the context of relationships with primary caregivers

Initiative vs Guilt

3 to 6 years

The child’s psychosocial task is to set goals and carry out plans without infringing on the rights of others

Industry vs Inferiority

6 to 12 years

Task is to develop a sense of competence by beginning school and learning to do things on their own which instills a sense of pride and confidence

Identity vs Role Confusion

12 to 18 years

The adolescent’s task is to learn the roles that they will occupy as an adult while developing a sense of personal identity

Intimacy vs Isolation

18 to 45 years

The task is to begin forming intimate relationships with others

Generativity vs Stagnation

40 to 65 years

The task in this stage is to participate in activities that give a sense of purpose, such as a career, raising children and creating positive changes that benefit others

Ego Integrity vs Despair

65 to Death

The task is to look back on life and feel a sense of accomplishment and fulfillment