Modalities Parameters

TENS: High-Rate: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

100-150 pps

TENS: Low-Rate: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

2-10 pps

TENS: Burst: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

generally preset in unit at 10 bursts

TENS: High-Rate: Pulse Duration (Width)

50-80 us

TENS: Low-Rate: Pulse Duration (Width)

150-300 us

TENS: Burst: Pulse Duration (Width)

generally preset and may have max of 100-300 us

TENS: High-Rate: Amplitude

to produce tingling

TENS: Low-Rate: Amplitude

to visible contraction

TENS: Burst: Amplitude

to visible contraction

TENS: High-Rate: Modulation

use if available

TENS: Low-Rate: Modulation

none or modulate

TENS: Burst: Modulation

generally not possible

TENS: High-Rate: Treatment Time

may be worn 24 hours prn

TENS: Low-Rate: Treatment Time

20-30 minutes

TENS: Burst: Treatment Time

20-30 minutes

Sensory Fibers: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

80-120 Hz

Motor Fibers: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

35-50 Hz

Pain Fibers: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

1-10 Hz

Sensory Fibers: Pulse Duration (Width)

20-60 us

Motor Fibers: Pulse Duration (Width)

200-400 us

Pain Fibers: Pulse Duration (Width)

300-500 us

NMES: Muscle Strengthening: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

35-80 pps

NMES: Muscle Reeducation: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

30-50 pps

NMES: Muscle Spasm Reduction: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

35-50 pps

NMES: Edema Reduction using Muscle Pump: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

35-50 pps

NMES: Muscle Strengthening: Pulse Duration (Width)

125-200 us for small muscles

200-350 us for large muscles

NMES: Muscle Reeducation: Pulse Duration (Width)

125-200 us for small muscles

200-350 us for large muscles

NMES: Muscle Spasm Reduction: Pulse Duration (Width)

125-200 us for small muscles

200-350 us for large muscles

NMES: Edema Reduction using Muscle Pump: Pulse Duration (Width)

125-200 us for small muscles

200-350 us for large muscles

NMES: Muscle Strengthening: Amplitude

to >10% of MVIC in injured muscle

>50% MVIC in uninjured muscle

NMES: Muscle Reeducation: Amplitude

sufficient for functional activity

NMES: Muscle Spasm Reduction: Amplitude

to visible contraction

NMES: Edema Reduction using Muscle Pump: Amplitude

to visible contraction

NMES: Muscle Strengthening: On:Off Times

6-10 s on, 5-120 s off

ratio 1:5 initially

may reduce off time with repeated Rx

NMES: Muscle Reeducation: On:Off Times

depends on functional activity

NMES: Muscle Spasm Reduction: On:Off Times

2-5 s on, 2-5 s off

equal on:off times

NMES: Edema Reduction using Muscle Pump: On:Off Times

2-5 s on, 2-5 s off

equal on:off times

NMES: Muscle Strengthening: Ramp Time

at least 2 s

NMES: Muscle Reeducation: Ramp Time

at least 2 s

NMES: Muscle Spasm Reduction: Ramp Time

at least 1 s

NMES: Edema Reduction using Muscle Pump: Ramp Time

at least 1 s

NMES: Muscle Strengthening: Rx Time

10-20 minutes to produce 10-20 reps

NMES: Muscle Reeducation: Rx Time

depends on functional activity

NMES: Muscle Spasm Reduction: Rx Time

10-30 minutes

NMES: Edema Reduction using Muscle Pump: Rx Time

30 min

NMES: Muscle Strengthening: Times per Day

every 2-3 hours when awake

NMES: Muscle Reeducation: Times per Day

NA

NMES: Muscle Spasm Reduction: Times per Day

every 2-3 hours until spasm relieved

NMES: Edema Reduction using Muscle Pump: Times per Day

twice a day

HVPC: Tissue Healing Inflammatory Phase: Waveform

HVPC

HVPC: Tissue Healing Proliferation Phase: Waveform

HVPC

HVPC: Edema Control with Inflammation: Waveform

HVPC

HVPC: Edema Control with Lack of Motion: Waveform

biphasic

HVPC: Tissue Healing Inflammatory Phase: Polarity

negative

HVPC: Tissue Healing Proliferation Phase: Polarity

positive

HVPC: Edema Control with Inflammation: Polarity

negative

HVPC: Edema Control with Lack of Motion: Polarity

NA

HVPC: Tissue Healing Inflammatory Phase: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

60-125 pps

HVPC: Tissue Healing Proliferation Phase: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

60-125 pps

HVPC: Edema Control with Inflammation: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

100-120 pps

HVPC: Edema Control with Lack of Motion: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

30-50 pps, 2-5 s equal on:off times

HVPC: Tissue Healing Inflammatory Phase: Pulse Duration (Width)

usually preset at 40-100 us

HVPC: Tissue Healing Proliferation Phase: Pulse Duration (Width)

usually preset at 40-100 us

HVPC: Edema Control with Inflammation: Pulse Duration (Width)

usually preset at 40-100 us

HVPC: Edema Control with Lack of Motion: Pulse Duration (Width)

150-350 us

HVPC: Tissue Healing Inflammatory Phase: Amplitude

comfortable sensory

HVPC: Tissue Healing Proliferation Phase: Amplitude

comfortable sensory

HVPC: Edema Control with Inflammation: Amplitude

comfortable sensory

HVPC: Edema Control with Lack of Motion: Amplitude

to visible contraction

HVPC: Tissue Healing Inflammatory Phase: Rx Time

45-60 minutes

HVPC: Tissue Healing Proliferation Phase: Rx Time

45-60 minutes

HVPC: Edema Control with Inflammation: Rx Time

20-30 minutes

HVPC: Edema Control with Lack of Motion: Rx Time

20-30 minutes

Iontophoresis: Acetate Ion: Polarity

negative

Iontophoresis: Copper Ion: Polarity

positive

Iontophoresis: Dexamethasone Ion: Polarity

negative

Iontophoresis: Iodine Ion: Polarity

negative

Iontophoresis: Salicylate Ion: Polarity

negative

Iontophoresis: Acetate Ion: Indication

Calcium deposits

Iontophoresis: Copper Ion: Indication

fungal infection

Iontophoresis: Dexamethasone Ion: Indication

inflammation

Iontophoresis: Iodine Ion: Indication

scar

Iontophoresis: Salicylate Ion: Indication

inflammation/plantar warts

Iontophoresis: Acetate Ion: Concentration

2.5-5%

Iontophoresis: Copper Ion: Concentration

2%

Iontophoresis: Dexamethasone Ion: Concentration

0.4%

Iontophoresis: Iodine Ion: Concentration

5%

Iontophoresis: Salicylate Ion: Concentration

2%

Iontophoresis: Current Amplitude (mA) 1: Treatment Time

40

Iontophoresis: Current Amplitude (mA) 2: Treatment Time

20

Iontophoresis: Current Amplitude (mA) 3: Treatment Time

13.3

Iontophoresis: Current Amplitude (mA) 4: Treatment Time

10

Iontophoresis: Dose

40 mA-min

Iontophoresis: Waveform

DC

Iontophoresis: Polarity

same as drug ion

Iontophoresis: Pulse Frequency (Rate)

NA

Iontophoresis: Pulse Duration

NA

Iontophoresis: Amplitude

to pt tolerance

Iontophoresis: Rx Time

depends on amplitude

Russian: pulse frequency (rate)

2500 Hz