Abkea Acadmey history chapter 7

What are the rugged and mountainous and extends into the Mediterranean Sea from south Eastern Europe

Balkan Peninsula

What seas are on the east side of Balkan Peninsula

Aegean,black seas

What sea is in the west of the Balkan peninsula

Ionian Sea

What sea is know as the Aegean civilizations

Aegean sea

What culture we’re chief among the Aegean civilization

Minoans, Mycenaeans, Trojans

When did these cultures flourish(Minoans,Mycenaeans,Trojans)

Between 2000-1100 B.C.

What was significant about the Minoans

First important civilization after the flood

What king was discovered by a British archaeologist and his palace

King Minos at Knossos

What were the epics that were written by Homer

Iliad,odyessy

Who were the barbarian invaders that invaded the Mycenaeans

Dorians

When the Mycenaeans escaped to Asia Minor and Attica where they later became

Ionians

Who emerged from the dark ages

Hellenes

Who is Homer

A single poet who had influence on the Greeks

Explain the epic of Iliad

Describes the heroic deeds of the ancient Greeks in the war against Troy

Explain the epic of Odyssey

Recount the adventures of a brave Greek warrior Odysseus On his 10 year journey home after the defeat of Troy

Who was the poet that came after Homer

Hesiod

Where do the Greek gods live

Mount Olympus

Who is the chief father of the gods and was associated with thunder and lightning

Zeus

Who differed from the gods only in being mortal and less powerful

Homer hero’s

Who was the invincible Greek warrior

Achilles

What formed the polis

Tribes and villages joined together

They typical polis surround a hilltops fortress called

Acropolis

What is the agora

Marketplace,a busy concourse of commerce,conversation and debate

Define the word gymnasium

A place of physical training and games of skill

What is an amphitheater

Outdoor theater

Who were people who did not speak Greek called

Barbarians

What was held very fourth year at Olympia in honor of Zeus

Olympic Games

What was the year that first Olympic Games was held

776 B.C.

What was the period between Olympics

Olympiad

What Persian king crushed the revolt and demanded that the mainland Greeks submit to him

Darius

What three cities refused Darius’s demands

Athens, Eretria, and Sparta

What war began in the summer of 490 B.C.

Greco-Persian Wars

After defeating Eretria the Persians landed where

Marathon

What king determined to conquer Greece

Xerxes

What narrow mountain pass in central Greece is near the Aegean Sea

Thermopylae

Who was the Spartan leader

Leonidas

The Athens had found citizens that were evacuated to what island

Salamis

What brilliant Athenian tricked Xerxes into fighting a naval battle in this narrow strait between the mainland and the island of salamis

Themistocles

What was the first major naval battle in history

The battle of Salamis

What was the turning point in world history

The battle of Plantaea which was Xerxes defeat in Greece 479 B.C.

What is a monarchy

Rule by one

What was the council of the elders and assembly

The assembly was a mass meeting where all the citizens gathered about the king and the elders to discuss political affairs

What is a aristocracy

Rule by best

Who thought of themselves better than the ordinary citizen

Aristocrats

What is oligarchy

Rule by few but in practice meant ruler by few rich

What is tyranny

Rule by one man who was seized power by rebellion and insurrection

What is a democracy

Rule by many or the common people

The spartan society consisted of three classes name them

Ruling class,middle class, helots

What is an alliance with Corinth, Megara, and other cities in the Peloponnesus

Peloponnesian league

In 1050 B.C., the nobles chose a meme we of the royal family to be ______ or chief

Archon

Who directed to prepare a code of law. His laws were so merciless that they were said to have been written with blood every offense punishable by death

Draco

Who repealed against the harsh edicts of Draco, relived debtors, redeemed many slaves, forbade parents to sell to pawn their children, ordered every father to teach his sons a trade, and required sons to support their aged father if he had educated them

Solon

Only archons were eligible for __________

Court of Areopagus

Who was a nobleman aspiring to office and seized control of the city and became the first tyrant of Athens

Pisistratus

In 508 B.C., who emerged as the new champion of the common people

Cleisthenes

What is the practice of ostracism

Quorum citizens could vote to banish for 10 years any person believed to be dangerous to the state

Who brought Athenian democracy to its fullest measure

Pericles

What is a representative democracy

The citizens elect a few men who represent them in the government

What is a direct democracy?

The citizens made big decisions of government directly themselves, not indirectly through representatives

The age of who is often referred as the “Golden age of Greece”

Pericles

What league formed after the Persian wars and Athens eagerly became the leading Greek city because it expected more trouble from the Persians

Delian league

What long did the wars between Sparta and Athens last

Started in 431 B.C and lasted until 404 B.C.

What war involved almost all the Greeks and even the Persians

The Peloponnesian war

How long did the Peloponnesian war between last

Over thirty years of conflict

What were the consequences of the Peloponnesian war

Spartas supremacy was short-lived however in 371 B.C., the city of Thebes delivered a decisive defeat to Sparta and the Greek city states once again became independent

What was on the fringes if Ancient Greece loomed the kingdom of

Macedonia

Who became the king of macedonia

King Philip 2

Who was the famous Athenian orator and statesman

Demosthenes

What allowed its members to retain a considerable degree if self-government

Hellenic league

What year did Alexander cross the Hellespont

334 B.C.

What was Alexander’s the great contribution

Spreading Greek culture and helped prepare the world for the coming of Jesus Christ

What battle divided empires among four generals who declared themselves as kings

Ipsus

Name the dynasties that came after the battle of Ipsus

Ptolemies in Egypt, Seleucids in Syria,Mesopotamia, and Persia) and the Antigonids in Macedonia

What long did Greece flourish

From 700-338 B.C

What is the flourishment of Greece called

Hellenic age

What was the arrogant humanistic way of thinking that was summed up by the Greek philosopher?

Protagoras

What was Protagoras philosophy

Man is the measure of all things

What is a well educated slave who is charged with the boys Manners and morals

Pedagogue

What is the greatest Athenian temple and who is it dedicated to?

Parthenon, Athena's the goddess of Athens

Who is remembered as the father of history?

Herodotus

Who was the first great Greek poet who lived in the early portion of the Hellenic name and wrote epic poetry?

Homer

Who was the writer of fables

Aesop

What is a fable?

A brief story used to teach a moral

What were the two greatest tragedies in Greece

Oedipus Rex and Antigone

Who is responsible for the two great tragedies

Sophocles

Who is the famous comic dramatist?

Aristophanes

What was one of Greek‘s important contributions to science?

Natural philosophy

Who discovered important mathematical concepts, and is still used in geometry

Pythagoras

Who developed a theory that all matters composed of individual atoms

Democritus

Who is the father of medicine and conducted experiments and concluded that disease results from rationally explainable causes

Hippocrates

What is the Hippocratic oath

A high code of ethics still taken by many schools graduates today

What was an early philosopher called, and who were those that believed that there are no absolute truths

Sophists, relativists

Who was dissatisfied with the sophists and began a search for absolutes

Socrates

What does the word absolute mean?

Ultimate foundational truths

What was Socrates question that was used to starts his philosophy

What is the best way to live?

Who was one of Socrates students in route 30 or more works of philosophy

Plato

What famous work did he attempt to show how man could have order in society and in his soul

The republican Written by Plato

Who attempted to find an explanation for the obvious order, design, and purpose in the universe

Plato

Who became a student of Plato at 18 years of age mastered every field of learning known to the Greeks and concluded that the order of the universe must’ve come from God

Aristotle

Who ultimately erred and placed man at the center of all things

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle