AP Human Geography: Unit 6 (copy)

Central Place Theory

A theory stating that all market areas are focused on a central settlement for exchange and service provision.

Threshold

The minimum number of people required to support a business.

Range

The maximum distance that people are willing to travel to access a service.

Agglomeration

The clustering of similar business activities in a local area.

Resource Node

A town or city founded primarily due to access to natural resources.

Transport Node

A settlement established at the intersection of two or more transportation lines.

Clustered Rural Settlements

Communities where residential and farm structures are arranged closely together.

Dispersed Rural Settlements

Households that are spread out over significant distances.

Concentric Zone Model

A model representing urban land use in concentric circles around a central business district.

Sector Model

A model illustrating urban land use in sectors radiating out from a central core.

Multiple-Nuclei Model

A model describing urban structure with multiple centers of activity.

Galactic City Model

A model representing a decentralized post-industrial city with several business districts.

Gentrification

The economic reinvestment in a neighborhood leading to the displacement of lower-income residents.

Urban Sprawl

The expansion of urban development onto undeveloped land around a city.

Megacity

A metropolitan area with more than 10 million people.

Primate City

The largest city in a country, significantly larger than the next largest city.

De Facto Segregation

Separation that occurs without specific laws mandating it.

Redlining

The practice of denying mortgage or insurance applications based on neighborhood maps.

Urban Society

The social structures and relationships in urban environments.

Suburbanization

The movement of populations from inner cities to suburban areas.

Counterurbanization

The trend of moving from urban areas to rural areas.

Just-in-Time Production

A production strategy that reduces waste by receiving goods only as they are needed.