X-Ray Production (Test 1)

Projectile or incident electrons

What are the electrons leaving the cathode known as?

Kinetic Energy

What type of energy does a projectile/incident electron have when traveling from cathode to anode?

- 99% thermal energy

- 1% electromagnetic energy (in form of electromaagnetic radiation)

When the projectile/incident electrons impact the focal track of the anode target, what type of energy is transferred?

No

Is the process of X-ray production efficient?

Characteristic and Bremsstrahlung Radiation

What are the two types of interactions that take place at the anode target?

Characteristic Radiation

What type of radiation is produced when an incident electron interacts with an inner-shell (K-shell) electron of the target atom?

Electron/Electron

What type of interaction is characteristic radiation?

It's filled by outer-shell electrons moving to the inner shell

When the projectile electron knocks an inner-shell (k-shell) electron out of orbit, what happens to the vacancy in the k-shell?

K-Shell

What shell has the highest binding energy?

The difference in binding energy

What releases a characteristic photon?

Yes

Can characteristic radiation be produced at all shell levels?

K-Shell

Which shell level produces diagnostic radiation?

They will all be the same energy (homogeneous or mono-energetic)

Since characteristic radiation is totally dependent on the binding energy of the target atom, what does this indicate?

70 kvp

What does the kVp need to be in order to knock an electron from the k-shell of a tungsten atom?

Bremsstrahlung Radiation

What type of radiation is produced when a projectile/incident electron is slowed by the nuclear field of the target atom's nucleus?

Electron/Nuclear Field

What type of interaction is bremsstrahlung radiation?

The difference in incoming and exiting projectile electron energy

What releases a bremsstrahlung photon?

Greater amount of decrease in speed

The closer the projectile electron is to the nucleus = ?

Greater photon energy

The more the projectile electron slows down = ?

They are each different (heterogeneous or polyenergetic)

Since bremsstrahlung radiation depends on the amount of electron deceleration, what does this indicate?

100%

In a tungsten target, what is the percentage of bremsstrahlung photons produced below 70 kVp?

90%

In a tungsten target, what is the percentage of bremsstrahlung photons produced between 70 - 100 kVp?

Bremsstrahlung

Between characteristic and bremsstrahlung radiation, which is the majority of X-ray production?

X-Ray Emission Spectrum

What refers to a plotted graphical representation of X-ray photon energy?

A spike at 70 kVP

On the X-ray emission spectrum, how is characteristic radiation always represented?

A continuous spectrum

On the X-ray emission spectrum, how is bremsstrahlung radiation represented?

Changes the quantity proportionally

On the X-ray emission spectrum, what does changing the tube current (mA) do?

Changes in amplitude

How are quantity changes represented on the X-ray emission spectrum?

Increases spectrum to the right

On the X-ray emission spectrum, what does increasing the kVp do?

Increases Quality

Because higher energy photons are located to the right of the X-ray emission spectrum, what does this do to the quality?

Increases amplitude indirectly (approx. 15% change in quantity)

On the X-ray emission spectrum, how does kVp affect the amplitude?