Biology Tiny sadnesss

tiny things

If an organism uses organic compounds as carbon source, it is termed a…

heterotroph

Phototrophs get

energy from light

This can be a source of energy only for a chemolithotroph

H2

Endergonic means

needs energy

Enzymes

lower energy of activation

23S, 16S, 5S are types of     

rRNA

When something is oxidized it means

loss of electrons

NAD+ in its current state

                                       is oxidized

What type of bonds are often used to conserve energy in living organisms?

phosphate

Terminal electron acceptors from outside are not needed for

fermentation

What is not an entering reactant of glycolysis?

NADH

What may not be needed for respiration?

oxygen

 How many ATP molecules is produced in Kreb's cycle?

2

What is a product of glycolysis?

electrons on carriers

When yeast cells do anaerobic fermentation, the whole point is to produce

NAD+ to continue glycolysis

At what stage does inorganic carbon leave the cells?

Kreb's cycle

What is used in ATP synthase as a source of energy?

proton motive force

What goes in an electron transport chain?

electrons and protons from electron carriers

 One molecule of glucose produces

38 ATPs

What is an organic molecule? CH₂PO₂

Contains Carbon

In Figure 5.8, the path labeled "2" is the flow of

Protons

Where is ATP produced?

E

 In aerobic respiration, where is water formed?

D

What organism can do anoxygenic photosynthesis?

purple bacteria

Most of DNA synthesis is done by

DNA polymerase 3

Oxygen is a good

acceptor of electrons

27. How many CO₂ molecules will be produced in complete oxidation of glucose? 

6

Unwinding of a DNA molecule is done by

helicase

To add new DNA nucleotides a _____________ is needed

Free 3’ Hydroxyl end

The type of bond that holds DNA strands together is known as

hydrogen

This enzyme removes supercoiling on DNA

topoisomerase

 A bacterial genome is 2,000,000 base pairs in size, what is the average number of genes does it contain?

2,000

High level of glucose results in

low level of cAMP

Sigma factor determines

genes that are going to be transcribed

35. A group of genes transcribed together is known as an

operon

 Lac repressor binds to

operator

UUA	leucine	UAA	nonsense
GCA	alanine	AAU	asparagine
AAG	lysine	UGC	cysteine
GUU	valine	UCG, UCU	serine

Refer to the table above. What is the sequence of amino acids encoded by the following sequence of bases in a strand of DNA? 5'-AAT,TGC,GTT,TCT-3'  

asparagine-cysteine-valine-serine

What part of a ribosome is used to identify bacteria?   

16s

A gene is 900 bases in size, how many amino acids is the size of the protein that it codes for?

300

Several genes transcribed together on one RNA fragment is termed

polycistronic

 T/F Ligase adds nucleotides to the 3' end of the DNA strand

FALSE

T/F Yeast aim to produce ethanol during fermentation

FALSE

T/F Some bacteria have more than one genome

FALSE

T/F  The main role of oxygen in metabolism is to produce water molecules, as water is necessary for life.

FALSE

T/F Photosynthesis does not always result in the formation of oxygen

True

T/F Primase requires a primer to start the synthesis of DNA

FALSE

T/F Autotrophs use energy from CO₂

FALSE

T/F Carbon from glucose becomes inorganic during the process of respiration

True