Step 3

lung cancer screening guidelines

Annual (every year!, not one time) low-dose CT in adults aged 50–80 with ≥20 pack-years, who currently smoke or quit within the past 15 years; stop at 80 or after 15 years smoke-free

to calculate pack years- Packs/day x Years smoked

GBS confimred by what test

nerve conduction studies/electromyography (electrodiagnositc studies basically) (not CSF- for meningitis)

absence seizures vs temporal lobe epilepsy

both can have stare off into space, lip smacking etc

but absence sieuzres usually shorter (5-10 secs), and no psotictal state of confusion

vs

longer (for 1 to 2 mins) and postictal state

Lyme disease diagnosis sequence and tx

fisrt ELISA, then if positive western blot for confirmation

(PCR is for herpes zoster)

tx. amoxicllin (first line) or doxycycline

(not azithromycin)

Atypical pneumonia, erythema multiforme, raynaud phenomenon, anemia (pale conjunctiva, fatigue) is what bug? and tx.

mycoplasma (cold agglutinin disease- rayanaud pheno)

tx. macrolides (azithromycin)

(not coccidiodes- wont cause raynaud pheno+anemia)

patient with periumbilical pain, history of episodic postprandial pain (suggestive of chronic mesenteric ischemia), CV risk factors like PAD, the hyperacute onset of severe midabdominal pain out of proportion to examination findings, mildly elevated amylase indicates, and dx

acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) (not acute pancretaitis- not epigastric pain)

dx. CT angio of abdomen (if hemo stable)

if unstable, or signs of peritonitis or perforation, emrgency laparotomy

functional vs enhanced physiologic tremor vs essential

goes away when distracted

vs

Exaggeration of normal physiologic tremor

doesnt go away when ditsracted

can be med induced (like SSRIs)

affects hands

tx. remove underlying cause, or symptomatic tx with propranolol

vs

runs in families

doesnt go away when distarcted

can be hands, maybe head and voice

can improve with alcohol

tx. propranolol, primidone

suppression of cortisol on high dose dexamethasone is ?

pituitary adenoma

NO suppression is ectopic ACTH

what should be screened for if person has ITP

hep C and HIV

if pregannt patient has chorioamniotis, what next

antibiotics (IV ampicillin and gentamicin) and induce delivery promptly (not C section)

seeing word ‘likelihood’ doe snot mean they r asking for LR always, can be about NPV or PPV too, so read properly with context to know, if only sensitivyt and specifity values given, mostly they r asking for LR

chronic tension headaches tx (tightness but no light sensitivity)

TCAs, SSRIs, gabapentin, topiramate

(not acetaminophen, asprin, NSAIDs- for acute tension headache)

Firm abdominal mass, decreased stool volume, liquid stools in a child, think? and dx and tx?

fecal impaction/constipation, dx. abdominal xrays

tx. increasing fiber in diet, stool softeners (if sevre with fecal impaction then first line is enema)

(if sevre, can have abdominal pain, hard stool in the rectal vault in setting of loose stool or leakage of stool (encropresis))

If see in labs-hyperchloremic nonanion gap metabolic acidosis, what is it?

RTA

(normal AG -8-12)
[ AG = Na+ — (Cl- + HCO3-) ]

revise screening and murmurs and vaccines

mod to sevre acne tx

tetracyclines like doxycycline (act on ribosomes)

subarachnoid hemorrhage vs epidural vs subdural causes

AV malformation/rupture of saccular/intracranial aneurysm

vs

middle meningeal artery rupture

vs

bridging veins rupture

70s male, weight loss, abdominal pain, epigastric pain/tenderness/bruit, pale stools, smoking hx, mild jaundice, what and dx

pancreatic cancer, dx. helical CT

Sudden onset (within few days) difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia, associated with pills mostly (tetracyclines for eg.) is?

pill esophagitis (esophageal erosions)

for a study, sensitive information inculdes?

medical history or sexual actvity etc (not age, marital status, education or other such patient identifiers)

pain control in pregannt patients

opioids (NOT nsaids/cox2 inhib coz of side effects)

To meet the criteria for decisional capacity, patients must

express a consistent choice, demonstrate an understanding of the risks and benefits of the choice, indicate an appreciation of the significance of the choice for their personal circumstances, and illustrate an ability to reason through the options

(despite if schizophrenia or taking no treatment for it etc)