unit 3 physics

Gravitational Force Equation

F = (G * m1 * m2) / r^2

Force vs. Mass

Directly related.

Force vs. Distance (gravitational)

Inverse square relationship (F ∝ 1/r^2).

Coulomb's Law (Electrostatic Force)

F = (k * q1 * q2) / r^2

Force vs. Charge

Directly related

Force vs. Distance (electro)

Inverse square relationship (F ∝ 1/r^2).

Attractive Electrostatic Force

Occurs only when charges are opposite (positive and negative).

Repulsive Electrostatic Force

Occurs when charges are the same (both positive or both negative).

Momentum (p) Equation

p = m * v (Unit: kg*m/s)

Momentum Definition

A measure of how difficult it is to stop a moving object.

Mass and velocity

inversely related

Impulse (J) Equation

J = F * Δt (Unit: N*s)

Impulse Definition

A measure of a force applied over a period of time.

Impulse-Momentum Theorem

Impulse equals change in momentum: J = Δp or F * Δt = Δp.

Component

An individual item involved in a scenario.

System

All components involved in a scenario.

Conserved

Parameter remains constant and does not change before or after an event.

Elastic Collision

Objects do not stick together after colliding. Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.

Inelastic Collision

Objects stick together after colliding. Momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is NOT conserved.

Explosion

One object breaks apart into multiple pieces. Momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is NOT conserved.

Law of Conservation of Momentum

Total momentum before a collision equals total momentum after (ΣP_before = ΣP_after). Momentum is conserved in ALL collisions.

Momentum and Mass

directly related