ACID, BASES, AND SALTS

Ionic Compound

Is formed when atoms transfer electrons

Cations and Anions

Two types of ions formed when atoms transfer electrons

Cations

Metals that lose electrons, giving them a POSITIVE charge

Anions

Non metals that gain electrons, giving them a NEGATIVE charge

Crystal Lattice

Because opposites attract, these ions bond tightly into a rigid structure called a..

Acids

Proton Donors

Acids

Substances that release hydrogen atoms when dissolved in water.

Acid

Sour taste

Acid

Turns blue litmus paper red

Bases

Releases hydroxide ions or accept hydrogen ions and conducts electricity (electrolytes)

Bases

AKA “Alkali” when dissolved in water

Bases

Bitter and slippery/soapy

Bases

Turns red litmus paper blue

Bases

pH above 7

Acids

pH below 7

Dissociate in water

Strong bases..

Neutralization

When an acid and base react, they cancel each other out in a chemical reaction called..

Salts

Product of neutralization

Salts

Crystalline solids with high melting points and can conduct electricity when dissolved in water

Salts

Can be acidic, basic, or neutral

Indicators

May be in liquid or solid form

Indicators

React with acidic and basic solutions characterized by color change with no reaction

pH meter

1st type of indicator

pH scale

2nd type of indicator

Litmus paper

3rd type of indicator

pH meter

An apparatus used by laboratory analysts and chemists in determining the pH of a solution

pH scale

Used in the laboratory for the determination of acidic, basic, and neutral solutions

Litmus paper

Made from a plant pigment impregnated in strips of paper