2.3 Introduction to Memory

Memory

Knowledge, events, and experiences that are processed, stored, and retrieved by the brain.

Explicit Memory or Declarative Memory

Long-term memory of general knowledge and information of personal experiences. An awareness that one possesses specific knowledge and can retrieve it for a task

Episodic

The ability to remember personally experienced events. Time and space.

Semantic

The ability to remember explicit facts and general knowledge.

Implicit Memory

Memory of a previous event or experience without a direct, explicit recall or awareness of remembering.

Procedural Memory

Long-term memory for the skills of a task such as riding a bike.

Prospective

Memory

Remembering to do something in the future.

Sensory Memory

Can contain a ton of memory Lasts short though.

Iconic memory

Visual memories that last less than 1 second after we’ve seen something.

Echoic memory:

Auditory memory that we can access after hearing something usually lasts only (

Short-Term Memory

We can hold up between 5 and 9 pieces of info at once. 10–30 seconds. Holds active information briefly without rehearsal

Long-Term Memory

Permanent storage of knowledge, experiences, and skills.

Phonetic (or Acoustic) Processing

Focuses on how something sounds

Semantic Processing

Focuses on the meaning of the information.

Shallow Processing

Encoding memories but only focuses on surface features like appearance

or sound, not meaning.

Deep Processing:

Encoding memories and focuses on rich meaning, significance, or connections With our life experience and prior knowledge