The Muscular System Practice Questions (EXAM 3)

The triceps brachii and rectus femoris are good examples of

extensors

Semitendinosus is assisted in extension of the thigh (hip=thigh) by the synergistic muscle

Biceps Femoris

Which of the following muscles rotates the femur laterally?

Quadratus femoris and Obturator internus

Whis of the following muscles does not belong to the group known as “hamstrings”

Biceps Femoris

Muscle(s) in the sural region include:

The plantaris, the soleus, and the gastrocnemius

A muscle that acts as a flexor of the knee and originates on the iliac spine is the

Sartorius

When contraction occurs:

All the Above, and the H band gets smaller

The erector spinae muscle located most lateral to the vertebral column is the:

Iliocostalis

The most superficial layer of the abdominal muscles is the:

External Oblique

Actions of the biceps brachii muscle include:

Flexion of the shoulder and Flexion of the elbow

The powerful flexors of the thigh are the:

Iliopsoas

The connective tissue surrounding muscle fascicle is called:

Perimysium

The primary flexors of the wrist include which of the following muscles?

flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and palmaris longus

All the muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron constitutes a:

Motor Unit

The function of the tensor fascia lata is to:

Steady the trunk on the thigh by making the iliotibial tract taut

Which of the following muscles cannot compress the abdomen?

Iliocostalis and pectineus

Muscles in all of the following groups originate on the lower limb except:

Muscles that move the thigh

The action(s) of the rhomboideus major muscle include:

Abduct and rotate the scapula downward

The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores:

Calcium ions

The muscle that can both flex and adduct the arm is the:

Pectoralis major

Which muscle(s), found on the dorsum of the foot, is/are found in the third layer?

Adductor hallucis

Which muscle(s) acts to plantar flex the foot?

All of the above

Which hypothenar muscles(s) originates on the pisiform bone

Abductor digiti minimi

The coronoid process of the ulna and the elbow joint capsule comprise the site of the insertion for which muscle?

Brachialis

Which of the following is not a function of the teres minor muscle

Is a synergist of the pectoralis major muscle

Which muscles act to elevate the hyoid bone and steady it during swallowing and speech?

Digastric

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the medial pterygoid muscle?

None of the above, including functions during mastication. They are all characteristics of the pterygoid muscle.

Which of the following is/are true regarding white (type IIx) fibers

All of the above are true, including They contain little myoglobin: thus, they are pale

Trapezius

Extends and abducts head, rotates and adducts scapula, fixes scapula

Deltoid

Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially and laterally rotates arm

Pectoralis Major

Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm

Pectoralis Minor

Depresses glenoid cavity, raises ribs 3-5

Latissimus Dorsi

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm; draws shoulder inferiorly

Supraspinatus

(Part of the rotator cuff) abducts arm, helps stabilize shoulder joint

Infraspinatus

(Part of the rotator cuff) laterally rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder joint

Subscapularis

(Part of the rotator cuff) medially rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder joint

Teres Minor

(Part of the rotator cuff) laterally rotates and adducts arm, stabilizes shoulder joint

Teres Major

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

Biceps Brachii

Flexes arm, flexes forearm, supinates hand

Triceps Brachii

Extends and adducts arm, extends forearm

Coracobrachialis

Flexes and adducts arm

Brachialis

Flexes forearm

Brachioradialis

Flexes forearm

Pronator Teres

Pronates hand, flexes forearm

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Flexes and abducts hand

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Flexes and abducts hand

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Flexes proximal and middle phalanges, flexes hand

Extensor Carpi Radialis

(Longus and Brevis) extends and abducts hand

Extensor Digitorum

Extends phalanges, extends hand

Abductor Pollicis

Longus- abducts thumb

Iliopsoas

Flexes thigh and lumbar vertebrae

Abductor Pollicis

Brevis- extends thumb

Sartorius

Flexes and laterally rotates thigh, flexes leg

Gracilis

Adducts thigh, flexes leg

Pectineus

Adducts and flexes thigh

Adductor Longus

Adducts, flexes and laterally rotates thigh

Rectus Femoris

(Quad) flexes thigh, extends leg

Vastus Lateralis

(Quad) Extends leg

Vastus Intermedius

(Quad) extends leg

Vastus Medialis

(Quad) extends leg

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh

Gluteus Maximus

Extends and laterally rotates thigh, braces the knee

Gluteus Medius

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

Gluteus Minimus

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

Biceps Femoris

(Hamstring) extends thigh, flexes leg

Semitendinosus

(Hamstring) extends thigh, flexes leg

Semimembranosus

(Hamstring) extends thigh, flexes leg

Gastrocnemius

Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot

Soleus

Plantar flexes foot

Plantaris

Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot

Tibialis Anterior

Dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Extends hallux (big toe), dorsiflexes foot

Fibularis Longus + Brevis

Plantar flexes and everts foot

Levator Scapulae

Elevates scapula, abducts and rotates neck

Scalenes

Flexes and rotates neck, elevates ribs 1 and 2

Sternocleidomastoid

Rotates and flexes head

Sternohyoid

Depresses hyoid

Omohyoid

Depresses hyoid

Digastric

Elevates, protracts, retracts hyoid; opens mandible

Mylohyoid

elevates hyoid and tongue

Frontalis

Raises eyebrows, draws scalp anteriorly

Occipitalis

Draws scalp posteriorly

Temporalis

Closes Mandible

Transversus Abdominis

Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk

Rectus Abdominis

Flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall

Serratus Anterior

Abducts scapula, rotates scapula to elevate shoulder

External Intercostals

Elevates ribs (Increases volume in thorax)

Internal Intercostals

Depresses ribs (decreases volume in thorax)

Erector Spinae

(Iliocostals, Longissimus, Spinalis) extends and rotates vertebral column and head