Untitled Flashcard Set

NCAA

National Collegiate Athletic Association, governing body for college athletics in the U.S.

Women’s Suffrage

The movement advocating for women's right to vote.

Temperance Movement

A social movement aimed at reducing or eliminating the consumption of alcoholic beverages.

National American Women Suffrage Association

A group formed to advocate for women's voting rights in the U.S.

Progressive Party

A political party formed in the early 20th century to promote social reform.

Nationalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation.

Self-determination

The right of people to determine their own political status.

Allies

The coalition of countries opposing the Central Powers in World War I and II.

Central Powers

The alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria during WWI.

Propaganda

Information, often biased or misleading, used to promote a political cause.

U-boat

A German submarine used during World War I and World War II.

Zimmermann Telegram

A secret diplomatic communication from Germany proposing a military alliance with Mexico during WWI.

Conscription

Mandatory enlistment for military service.

Espionage

The act of spying or using spies to obtain secret information.

No man’s land

The disputed land between opposing armies during a conflict.

Armistice

An agreement made by opposing sides in a war to stop fighting.

14 Pts

A statement of principles for peace used to negotiate the end of World War I.

League of Nations

An international organization founded after WWI to promote peace and cooperation among countries.

18th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that prohibited the production, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages.

19th Amendment

Constitutional amendment granting women the right to vote.

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty that ended WWI and imposed heavy reparations on Germany.

Reparations

Compensation imposed during peace treaties for losses caused by war.

Red Scare

The fear of communism and radical leftism in the U.S. during the early 20th century.

Anarchist

A person who believes in or promotes the abolition of government.

Flapper

A fashionable young woman in the 1920s who challenged traditional standards of behavior.

Evolution

The biological theory that species develop over time through natural selection.

Creationism

The belief that the universe and living organisms originate from specific acts of creation.

Speakeasy

An illicit bar or club selling alcoholic drinks during Prohibition.

KKK

Ku Klux Klan, a white supremacist hate group in the U.S.

Sacco-Vanzetti Case

A controversial trial in the 1920s involving two Italian immigrants accused of murder.

National Origins Act of 1924

Legislation that restricted immigration based on national quotas.

Scopes Trial

A legal case in 1925 challenging a Tennessee law that prohibited the teaching of evolution.

Prohibition

The period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was illegal in the U.S.

Fundamentalism

A religious movement characterized by a strict belief in the literal interpretation of scripture.

Great Migration

The movement of millions of African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in the North.

Harlem Renaissance

An African American cultural movement in the 1920s centered in Harlem, New York.

Mass Production

The manufacturing of large quantities of standardized products.

Assembly Line

A production method where the product moves from worker to worker for assembly.

Mass Media

Forms of communication that reach large audiences, including newspapers, radio, and television.

Isolationism/Neutrality

A foreign policy principle of avoiding political or military alliances.

Buying on Margin

Purchasing stocks with borrowed money.

Speculation

Investment in stocks or assets with the hope of gaining a profit.

Black Tuesday

The stock market crash on October 29, 1929, marking the start of the Great Depression.

Hooverville

Shantytowns built by homeless people during the Great Depression.

Dust Bowl

A period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology of the American prairies.

Public Works

Government-funded projects aimed at building infrastructure.

The 3 R's

Refers to Relief, Recovery, and Reform, key goals of FDR's New Deal.

Bonus Army

A group of World War I veterans who marched to Washington D.C. in 1932 to demand payment of their bonuses.

Bank Holiday

A day on which banks are closed by government decree.

New Deal

A series of programs and policies designed to promote economic recovery during the Great Depression.

100 Days

The early period of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency when he launched many New Deal initiatives.

SEC

Securities and Exchange Commission, a government agency that regulates the stock market.

FDIC

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which insures deposits in banks.

TVA

Tennessee Valley Authority, a government agency that provides electricity and economic development.

CCC

Civilian Conservation Corps, a New Deal program providing jobs in natural resource conservation.

PWA

Public Works Administration, a New Deal agency that funded large public works projects.

National Youth Administration

A New Deal agency focused on providing education, jobs, and scholarships to youth.

Social Security Act

Legislation that created a system of old-age benefits and unemployment insurance.

Fascism

An authoritarian political ideology characterized by dictatorial power and strong central government.

Nye Committee

A Senate committee that investigated the causes of U.S. involvement in WWI.

Neutrality Act of 1935

Legislation aimed at preventing U.S. involvement in foreign conflicts.

Four Freedoms

The four essential human freedoms articulated by FDR: speech, worship, want, and fear.

Truman Doctrine

The U.S. policy aimed at containing communism after WWII.

Marshall Plan

A U.S. program providing aid to Western Europe after WWII.

Iron Curtain

The term used to describe the division between the democratic West and communist East during the Cold War.

Cuban Missile Crisis

A 13-day confrontation in 1962 between the U.S. and the USSR over missile deployment in Cuba.

Korean War

A conflict between North and South Korea from 1950 to 1953, involving U.S. intervention.

Vietnam War

A conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia involving the U.S. aimed at stopping the spread of communism.

Berlin Blockade

Soviet attempt to cut off West Berlin from the West in 1948-49.

The Cold War

The prolonged period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States after WWII.

The Little Rock Nine

A group of nine African American students who enrolled at a segregated high school in Little Rock, Arkansas.

Freedom Riders

Civil rights activists who rode interstate buses to challenge segregation.

Axis Powers

The coalition of Germany, Italy, and Japan during WWII.

Allies-WWII

The coalition of countries fighting against the Axis Powers in WWII.

Kristallnacht

A pogrom against Jews in Nazi Germany on November 9-10, 1938.

SS

Schutzstaffel, a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party.

Internment Camps

Detention centers where Japanese Americans were forced to relocate during WWII.

Blitzkrieg

A military tactic used by Germany in WWII characterized by swift, surprise attacks.

Anschluss

The annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938.

Manhattan Project

The secret U.S. project to develop atomic weapons during WWII.

Holocaust

The genocide of six million Jews and millions of others by the Nazi regime during WWII.

Pearl Harbor

The U.S. naval base attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941, leading to U.S. entry into WWII.

Little Rock Nine

Refers again to the group of nine African American students who integrated Central High School in Little Rock.

Booker T. Washington

An African American educator and reformer advocating for vocational education.

W.E.B. Du Bois

An African American civil rights activist and co-founder of the NAACP.

Franz Ferdinand

Aarchduke of Austria-Hungary whose assassination ignited WWI.

Alice Paul

A suffragist who advocated for women's rights and co-authored the Equal Rights Amendment.

A. Mitchell Palmer

The U.S. Attorney General known for his role in the Red Scare and Palmer Raids.

Babe Ruth

An iconic American baseball player known for his home runs.

Louis Armstrong

An influential jazz musician and trumpeter.

Herbert Hoover

The 31st President of the United States who oversaw the onset of the Great Depression.

FDR

Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States who led during the Great Depression and WWII.

Langston Hughes

A key figure of the Harlem Renaissance, known for his poetry and writings.

Marcus Garvey

A proponent of Black nationalism and the back-to-Africa movement.

Robert M. LaFollette

A Progressive politician and reform governor of Wisconsin.

Senator Huey Long

A populist politician known for his 'Share Our Wealth' program.

Charles Lindbergh

The first person to fly solo nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean.

Benito Mussolini

The Italian dictator who founded the Fascist Party.

Martin Luther King Jr.

A prominent leader in the American civil rights movement known for his nonviolent protests.

Malcolm X

An African American Muslim minister and human rights activist known for advocating for Black empowerment.