First Aid

LOC

Level Of Consciousness

M.A.R.C.H.

Massive Hemorrhage, Airway, Respiration, Circulation, Hypothermia (Head Injury)

D.O.T. S

Deformities, Open Wounds, Tenderness, Swelling

S. A. M. P. L. E.

Signs & Symptoms, Allergies, Medication, Past Medical History, Last Oral Intake, Event Leading up to

A. V. P. U

Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive

Three forms of Consent

Expressed, Implied, Informed

Three Main Arteries

Carotid, Radial, Brachial

Main Components of the skeletal system

Skull, Spinal Column, Shoulder Girdle, Rib Cage, Pelvis, Lower and Upper extremities.

Different types of muscles

Skeletal muscle, Smooth muscle, Cardiac Muscle

2 parts of nervous system

Central nervous system, Peripheral nervous system

Function of the nervous system

It controls voluntary and involuntary body activity, supports higher mental functions, such as thought and emotion.

Airborne Pathogen

• -Microorganisms discharged from an infected person by coughing, sneezing, laughing, or close contact.

• - Remain suspended in the air on dust particles, and respiratory and moisture droplets that you may breathe in.

Blood Borne Pathogen

- Are microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease.

-Can be exposed to them through an open wound while providing first aid.

How do you measure beats?

Measure for 15 seconds, multiply by 4 = # of beats

Expressed consent

-Permission is given for an action that is clearly and unmistakingly stated by the patient or legal gaurdian.

Implied Consent

-Consent inferred from one’s conduct rather then explicitly expressed.

Informed consent

A persons agreement to allow something to happen, made with full knowledge of the facts, benefits, risks, and alternatives.

MOI & NOI

-Mechanism of Injury

-Nature of illness

Beats per minute for an Adult

60-100

Breaths per minute for an adult

12-20

Beats per minute for a child or infant

Child- 100-120

Infant- 120-160

Breaths per minute for a child or infant

Child- 15-30

Infant- 25-50

EMS system

• is a network of trained professionals linked to provide advanced, out-of-hospital care for victims of sudden traumatic injury or illness

Duty to act

“a duty to take some action to prevent harm to another, and for the failure of which one may be liable, depending on the relationship of the parties and the circumstances”

Standard of Care

“the degree of care the a reasonable person should exercise”

Negligence

Duty to act, breach of duty, causation, damages

Washing your hands routinely helps reduce risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens?

True or False

True

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Rids the body of carbon dioxide

When does scene size- up begin?

as soon as you receive notice from dispatch or you come upon it.

Name all 6 of the responsibilities of a first Aid Provider?

• Wearing PPE to prevent infection

• gaining access to a patient (in some emergencies, you may need to move one patient to reach a more critically injured patient)

• assessing a patient for life-threatening injuries

• alerting EMS providers and relaying all relevant medical information

• providing a patient with basic medical care based on needs you identified during your assessment

• remaining with a patient until EMS providers relieve you and transport the patient to an advanced medical facility

What are the different types of drags?

Good Samaritan Act

• protects a first-aid provider from liability for medical care performed in good faith or medical care similar to that expected of another rst-aid provider with equal training

Name all the components of the Respiratory?

• Nose

• Mouth

• Throat

• Epiglottis

• Voice box

• windpipe ( trachea)

• lungs

• diaphragm

Name three ways that allow you to stabilize Patients?

Applying knowledge, Skills, and abilities

What is Negligence?

“the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in a similar situation; any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm, except for conduct that is intentionally, wantonly, or willfully disregardful of other’s rights.”

What are the three components of patient assessment?

• Initial Assessment

• Physical Assessment

• On-going Assessment

Name four condition in which an adult would be considered incompetent?

• Under the influence of alcohol or drugs

• in an AMS

• serious ill or has an injury that affects judgement, mentally ill or mentally challenged.

What is the function of the skeletal system?

• Supporting framework for the body

• Giving it shape

• Protecting vital organs

Name all the proper lifting techniques used to lift a patient?

• Look straight, do not look down

• Take a good athletic stance

• Maintain correct alignment of your spine

• use proper breathing techniques

• engages your abdominal muscles

• lift with your legs, buttocks, and hips

• keep the patients weight close to you

Name 4 risk factors that can contribute to positional asphyxia?

• Obesity

• Alcohol and drug use

• Bronchitis

• Emphysema

• Chronis lung disease

What law Protects the rights of patients and the release of patient information?

Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA)

Name 3 of the signs/symptoms of MRSA

Swollen, Draining pus, Wound is red, and the person may have a fever

Personal Protective equipment used as a barrier against infection includes the use of what?

• Gloves

• Protective eyewear

• Protective clothing,

• Marks

• Biohazard bags

While checking for scene safety you should make note of everything around using what?

What you see, hear, smell, & feel

4 common dangerous situations that you may encounter while on duty?

• Natural disasters

• Domestic violence

• nuisance animal

• active threat/ shooter incidents

3 signs/symptoms that a patient with hepatitis virus may have?

• Body Aches

• Weakness

• Severe liver damage

• Weight loss

• Diarrhea

• Jaundice

• Dark urine

• Flu-symptoms

What are 4 conditions that may lead to positional asphyxia

1. The patients are physically restrained

2. The patient’s arms are restrained behind their back

3. Patient placed face down on a hard surface

4. Patient left in this position for a significant period of time