Flashcards GIA Unit 2 Review

What is an import tariff? A. A legal maximum on foreign worker wages B. A government fee placed on incoming foreign products C. Emergency relief provided during crises D. A mandatory renewable energy policy

B. A government fee placed on incoming foreign products

Which term describes different world cultures becoming increasingly uniform due to global influence? A. Cultural preservation B. Cultural homogenization C. Cultural pluralism D. Cultural appreciation

B. Cultural homogenization

What are the three main pillars of sustainable development? A. Industrial growth city expansion and technological innovation B. International trade foreign aid and global transport C. Economic prosperity social equity and environmental health D. Bilateral aid multilateral assistance and tied grants

C. Economic prosperity social equity and environmental health

Which type of assistance is delivered immediately following a sudden natural disaster to meet essential survival needs? A. Specialized technical assistance B. Long-term developmental funding C. Tied economic aid D. Humanitarian or emergency relief

D. Humanitarian or emergency relief

Which scenario represents bilateral aid? A. Funding provided directly by USAID to a host country project B. Emergency response managed by the Red Crescent C. Relief campaigns coordinated by the UN Refugee Agency D. Local community donations distributed to flood victims

A. Funding provided directly by USAID to a host country project

Which scenario represents multilateral aid? A. Funding provided directly by USAID to a host country project B. Disaster relief provided by a regional community group C. Funds pooled and distributed by an agency like the UN Refugee Agency D. Direct financial transfers between two sovereign states

C. Funds pooled and distributed by an agency like the UN Refugee Agency

What term refers to the spread of cultural ideas customs and practices from one society to another? A. Cultural diffusion B. Cultural imperialism C. Cultural preservation D. Cultural dilution

A. Cultural diffusion

When a community takes structured steps to protect its traditional customs native language and arts heritage for the future it practices: A. Cultural appropriation B. Cultural preservation C. Cultural homogenization D. Cultural pluralism

B. Cultural preservation

How does specializing based on comparative advantage drive global trade? A. It forces every country to produce all goods locally B. It encourages nations to focus on goods they produce most efficiently and exchange them for others C. It mandates that wealthy nations subsidize foreign factories D. It splits global investments equally

B. It encourages nations to focus on goods they produce most efficiently and exchange them for others

Which scenario is an example of tied aid? A. A fifty-year low-interest government loan B. Direct grants given with no purchasing conditions C. Funding granted for building infrastructure on the condition that equipment is purchased from the donor nation D. Non-profit training for rural farmers

C. Funding granted for building infrastructure on the condition that equipment is purchased from the donor nation

Why does commodity dependency frequently place developing countries at a disadvantage in global markets? A. It prevents them from accepting foreign direct investment B. They export raw materials with volatile prices while purchasing high-cost imported manufactured goods C. Global treaties ban commodity sellers from joining trade blocs D. Commodity prices are completely immune to market shifts

B. They export raw materials with volatile prices while purchasing high-cost imported manufactured goods

How do protectionist policies differ from free trade practices? A. Protectionism uses trade barriers like tariffs to shield native industries while free trade reduces barriers to encourage market flows B. Protectionism promotes global media exchange C. Protectionism focuses exclusively on nature conservation D. Protectionism relies strictly on multilateral loans

A. Protectionism uses trade barriers like tariffs to shield native industries while free trade reduces barriers to encourage market flows

How can foreign food aid unintentionally harm local economies in recipient nations? A. Free imported food dumps onto local markets undercutting local farmer prices B. Subsidized foreign cotton changes domestic tax rates C. Heritage preservation grants disrupt local tourism D. Disease eradication programs reduce labor productivity

A. Free imported food dumps onto local markets undercutting local farmer prices

Which scenario best illustrates cultural imperialism? A. Local communities preserving native dialects B. A dominant foreign culture being forced onto a society overshadowing local customs C. Distinct ethnic groups living together in cultural pluralism D. Citizens learning foreign traditions out of appreciation

B. A dominant foreign culture being forced onto a society overshadowing local customs

How can uncoordinated long-term foreign assistance foster dependency in a host country? A. It obligates host governments to join foreign trading blocs B. Communities rely on external handouts rather than building self-sustaining local infrastructure C. It leads global agencies to ban foreign direct investment D. It immediately accelerates atmospheric pollution in neighbor states

B. Communities rely on external handouts rather than building self-sustaining local infrastructure

Which example best illustrates technical assistance in sustainable development? A. Delivering temporary food aid directly after a storm B. Training local technicians and engineers to build and maintain solar water pumps C. Implementing high tariffs to restrict foreign electronics D. Stopping development grants once an economy shows growth

B. Training local technicians and engineers to build and maintain solar water pumps

Why does ecosystem destruction from trade-driven land expansion threaten biodiversity? A. It forces governments to raise agricultural import tariffs B. Ecosystem destruction fragments habitats driving plant and animal species toward extinction C. It forces non-profits to plant non-native crops D. Industrialization automatically produces uniform cultural traditions

B. Ecosystem destruction fragments habitats driving plant and animal species toward extinction

What is a major environmental consequence of unmanaged carbon emissions from global cargo ships? A. Accelerated global climate change B. Total elimination of local digital divides C. Rapid narrowing of global wage gaps D. Universal enforcement of cultural diversity guidelines

A. Accelerated global climate change

How does the digital divide limit socio-economic equity in developing regions? A. It forces governments to accept tied agricultural aid B. Restricted internet access reduces educational and job opportunities C. It directly increases international freight shipping emissions D. It blocks foreign corporations from acquiring raw resources

B. Restricted internet access reduces educational and job opportunities

Why might heavy reliance on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fail to enrich host country workers? A. Multinational firms may transfer profits abroad while keeping local wages low B. FDI mandates certified fair trade wage structures C. Accepting FDI guarantees the long-term protection of native heritage D. Foreign corporations are prohibited from hiring host country workers

A. Multinational firms may transfer profits abroad while keeping local wages low