Med Terms ch. 6

Cardiac

pertaining to the heart

cardi-

heart

Endocardium

The inside lining of the heart

endocardial

pertaining to the endocardium

endo-

inside

-Um

structure

Epicardium

The outer layer of the heart wall

epicardial

pertaining to the epicardium

epi-

above, upon

Mediastinum

area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae, esophagus, and trachea

Media-

middle

-stin-

partition

Myocardium

muscular layer of the heart

Myocardial

pertaining to the heart muscle

Parietal

Pertaining to the outer layer of the pericardium and the wall of any body cavity

pariet-

wall

Pericardium

a double layer of membranes surrounding the heart

Peri-

around

Pericardial

pertaining to the pericardium

Pulmonary

pertaining to the lungs and their blood supply

Pulmon-

lung

Sternum

long, flat bone forming the center of the anterior wall of the chest

Thoracic cavity

space within the chest containing the lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, aorta, venae cavae, and pulmonary vessels

thorac-

chest

Visceral

pertaining to the internal organs

Viscus/viscera

any single internal organ

viscer-

internal organs

Atrioventricular (AV)

pertaining to the atrium and ventricle

Atri/o -

Entrance, atrium

-ventricul-

ventricle

Diastole

dilation of heart cavities, during which they fill with blood

Diastolic

pertaining to diastole

diastol-

Diastole

sinoatrial (sa) node

the center of modified cardiac muscle fibers in the wall of the right atrium that acts as the pacemaker for the heart rhythm

Sin/o-

sinus

Sinus rhythm

the normal (optimal) heart rhythm arising from the sinoatrial node

Systole

Contraction of the heart muscle

Systolic

pertaining to systole

systol-

systole, contraction

Atrium/ atria

chamber where blood enters the heart on both the right and left sides

Atrial

pertaining to the atrium

Bicuspid

having two points; a bicuspid heart valve has two flaps

-Id

having a particular quality

-Cusp-

point

deoxygenation

the removal of oxygen from a liquid (blood)

Deoxygenate

to remove oxygen from a liquid (blood)

-ation

process

- Oxygen-

Oxygen

-Ate

composed of; pertaining to

interatrial

between the atria of the heart

Interventricular (IV)

between the ventricles of the heart

Mitral

shaped like the headdress of a Catholic bishop

Septum/septa

a thin wall dividing two cavities

Tricuspid

having three points; a tricuspid heart valve has three flaps

Vena cava

One of the two largest veins in the body

venae cavae

The two largest veins in the body(superior+inferior venae cavae

cava

cave

Ventricle

chambers of the heart (pumps blood) or a cavity in the brain (produces cerebrospinal fluid)

Aorta

main trunk of the systemic arterial system

Aortic

pertaining to the aorta

aort-

aorta

Artery

thick-walled blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart

Arterial

pertaining to an artery

Arteriole

small terminal artery leading into the capillary network

arteri-

artery

-Ole

small

Capillary/capillaries

minute blood vessel between the arterial and venous systems

Capill-

Hairlike structure

Coronary circulation

Blood vessels supplying the heart muscle.

coron-

crown, coronary

circulat-

circular route

Diffuse

To disseminate or spread out

Homeostasis

maintaining the stability or equilibrium of a system or the body's internal environment

Vein

Blood vessel carrying blood towards the heart

Venous

pertaining to a vein

Venue

Small vein leading from the capillary network

Arrhythmia

condition when the heart rhythm is abnormal

A-

Without

-rrhythm-

rhythm

Bradycardia

condition of slow heartbeat

Brady-

slow

Dysrhythmia

Abnormal heart rhythm

Murmur

abnormal heart sound heard with a stethoscope when a valve closes or opens abnormally

Fibrillation

uncontrolled quivering or twitching of the heart muscle

fibrill-

small fiber

Palpitation

forcible, rapid beat of the heart felt by the patient

Palpit-

throb

Tachycardia

condition of a rapid heart beat

tachy -

rapid

Vital signs (vs)

a procedure during a physical examination in which temperature (T), pulse (P), respirations (R), and blood pressure (BP) are measured to assess general health and cardiorespiratory function

Cardiomegaly

enlargement of the heart

Cardiomyopathy

disease of the heart muscle, the myocardium

-megaly

enlargement

Cor pulmonale

right-sided heart failure arising from chronic lung disease

Endocarditis

inflammation of the lining of the heart

Exudate

fluid that has passed out of a tissue or capillaries as a result of inflammation or injury

- sud-

Out of

Hypertrophy

Increase in size, but not in number, of an individual tissue element

Incompetence

failure of a valve to close completely

-Compet-

strive together