vital signs quiz

essential parts of the initial assessment of a patient who is in the diagnostic imaging department for an invasive procedure

Temperature

Pulse

Pulse oximetry

Respiration

Blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure can be defined as

Highest point reached during contraction of left ventricle while blood is in the arteries (highest number)

Normal adult respiratory rate

15 to 20 breaths per minute

Why oxygen can be toxic to patients if incorrectly used

Aerobic infections can thrive if there is too much

If the patient has COPD, excess oxygen can can depress respiratory drive and stop the patients breathing

Two types of equipment used to deliver oxygen

Nasal cannula

Nasal catheter

Face mask

Ventilator

Transtracheal

Bradycardia

slow heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Lung disease where inspiratory and expiratory lung capacity is diminished

Cyanosis

Blood doesnt supply enough oxygen to body causing bluish tone to lips and fingertips

Dehydration

Excessive loss of fluids from body causing headaches and constipation

Diastolic

Blood pressure reading during relaxation of ventricles (lowest number)

Dyspnea

Difficult breathing from insufficient airflow to lungs

Hypercapnia

Carbon dioxide being retained in arterial blood

Hypertension

High blood pressure

Long term- pressure against artery walls can cause heart problems

Hypotension

Low blood pressure that may cause dizziness or fatigue

Hypoxemia

Low levels of oxygen in blood

Korotkoff sounds

Extraneous sounds during taking blood pressure pressure

May be tapping, knocking, or swishing

Orthostatic hypotension/ postural hypotension

Form of low blood pressure

blood pressure quickly drops when going from sitting/laying down to standing

Sphygmomanometer

Blood pressure cuff

Tachycardia

Fast heart rate

100 or more beats per minute

Vital signs

Assessment of patients bp, temp, pulse, pulse oximetry, respiration

Volatile

Easily vaporized or evaporated ; unstable or explosive

Normal body temperature

37° or 98.6°F

Common areas where body temperature is measured

Oral

Rectal

Axillary

Temporal

Tympanic

Most accurate area to measure body temperature

Rectal

Most common place to measure temperature

Oral

Average oral temp

97.8 to 99°F

98.6°

Normal rectal temp

37.5°C or 99.6°F

One degree higher than oral

Normal axillary temp

36.4°C to 36.7°C

Or

97.6°F to 98°F

Pulse

Blood is pumped into arteries resulting in a throb

Common Pulse Sites

Apical

Radial

Carotid

Femoral

Popliteal

Temporal

Dorsal pedis

Posterior Tibial

Brachial

Average adult pulse

60-90 beats per min

Average infant pulse rate

120 beats per min

Most accurate pulse site

Apical

Most common pulse site

Radial

Pulse site for CPR

Carotid

Adult respiration rate

15-20 breaths per min

Infant respiratory rate

30-60 breaths per min

Blood pressure is the force

exerted by flowing blood against the arteries

BP is usually

Lower in the morning and higher later in the day

Mens BP is usually

Higher than womens

Blood pressure cuff is called

Sphygmomanometer

normal systolic pressure

90 to 120 mmHg

Normal diastolic pressure

50 to 70 mmHg

F° =

C° x 1.8 +32

C°=

F°-32 /1.8

Temporal pulse

Apical pulse

Dorsalis pedis

Posterior tibial pulse

Brachial pulse

Radial pulse

Carotid pulse

Femoral pulse

Popliteal pulse