Biology - Transport in and out of cells>Topic 1 Key Concepts (Summer term Y9)

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Last updated 7:26 AM on 10/5/26
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11 Terms

1
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Diffusion

movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration

2
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Osmosis

movement of water molecules from a high water potential to a low water potential across a partially permeable membrane

<p>movement of water molecules from a high water potential to a low water potential across a partially permeable membrane </p>
3
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What happens to ANIMAL cells in osmosis

High water Potential in cell > crenated (shrivelled)

High water potential outside cell (solution)> lysed (bursting)

<p>High water Potential <strong>in cell</strong> &gt; crenated (shrivelled) </p><p>High water potential <strong>outside cell</strong> (solution)&gt; lysed (bursting)</p>
4
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what happens to PLANT cells in osmosis


High water Potential in cell > plasmolysed

High water potential outside cell (solution)> turgid

<p><br>High water Potential <strong>in cell</strong> &gt; plasmolysed </p><p>High water potential <strong>outside cell</strong> (solution)&gt; turgid </p>
5
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Active Transport

the movement of molecules across a partially permeable membrane from low to high concentration using ENERGY

  • against concentration gradient


<p>the movement of molecules across a partially permeable membrane from low to high concentration using ENERGY</p><ul><li><p>against concentration gradient </p></li></ul><p></p>
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Why does Active Transport need Energy

Because the CARRIER PROTEIN uses energy to change shape

<p>Because the CARRIER PROTEIN uses energy to change shape </p>
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Active Transport Example

Root Hair Cells

-Mineral Ions are absorbed by root hair cells by active transport

  • mineral ion concentration is higher in root hair cell than in the soil


<p><strong><u>Root Hair Cells </u></strong></p><p>-<strong>Mineral Ions</strong> are absorbed by root hair cells by <strong>active transport </strong></p><ul><li><p>mineral ion concentration is higher in root hair cell than in the soil </p></li></ul><p></p>
8
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Root Hair Cell Adaptations

-lots of mitochondria > releases energy for active transport

-large surface area > more carrier proteins for active transport

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Percentage Change in Mass

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10
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The Visking Tube Practical

-visking tubing acts as a partially permeable model membrane to demonstrate osmosis

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CORE PRACTICAL: Potato Chips

-Investigates how different concentrations of sucrose solution (sugar) affect the mass of the potato cylinders through Osmosis