Nutrition 1🏅

Proteins

Nutrients that help build and repair body tissues.

Malnutrition

Condition not caused by eating a variety of foods.

Low Nutrient Density

Characteristic of potato chips.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Disease state not attributable to a low-nutrient-density diet.

Calcium

Mineral needed to prevent osteoporosis.

Anthropometric Measurements

Assessment involving percentage of body fluid.

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Biochemical analysis indicating kidney failure.

24-Hour Recall

Most common method of assessing a client's dietary history.

Riboflavin

Nutrient deficiency displaying lesions at the corners of the mouth.

Diabetes

Health problem that obesity can increase the risk of developing.

Imitation of Adult Behavior

Best method for teaching young children good health habits.

Iron

Most common form of nutrient deficiency in the United States.

Serum Albumin Level

Biochemical test measuring protein status.

Creatinine Excretion

Biochemical test indicating depleted muscle mass.

Hemoglobin Test

Blood test indicating anemia.

Urinalysis

Test detecting protein and sugar excretion in urine.

Apathy

Characteristic of poor nutritional status.

Scurvy

Disease related to vitamin C deficiency.

Glucose

Nutritional item included in the lipid profile.

Iodine

Deficiency disease related to goiter.

Minerals

Inorganic nutrients.

Vitamin D

Necessary for the utilization of calcium in the body.

Social History

Important for determining financial resources and ability to obtain needed food.

Nutritional Assessment

Involves social history, 24-hour diet recall, food diary, and review of medical records.

Adolescent and Elderly

Age groups prone to malnutrition due to lifestyle and living conditions.

Optimal Level of Nutritional Balance

Describes the appearance of an 18-year-old female.

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

Includes focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount of food.

Weight Loss

Should not exceed 1-1 1/2 pounds per week.

Saturated Fat Intake

Recommendation for a healthy individual is less than 10% of total calorie intake.

Hypertension

Condition contributed to by excessive amounts of sodium in the diet.

Whole Grains

Recommendation is to strive to make half of all grains consumed be whole grains.

MyPlate

Left off the food group fats and oils.

Vitamin D Fortification

Nutrient milk is fortified with.

Food Labeling Regulations

Became mandatory in 1994.

Low Sodium

Means fewer than 140 mg per serving.

Kosher

Foods prepared according to Jewish dietary laws.

Lacto-Vegetarians

Type of vegetarian using dairy products but no meat, poultry, or eggs.

Aerobic Activity

At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity is necessary each week.

Whole Grains Consumption

MyPlate recommends that at least half of the servings consumed from the grains group should be whole grains.

Vegetable Intake

Can be increased by increasing vegetable content of mixed dishes and blending vegetables into meals and snacks.

Fruits

Provide all nutrients except protein.

Daily Values

State the percentage of Daily Values of each nutritional item listed per serving, based on a daily diet of 2,000 calories.

Registered Dietitian

Should consider client's likes, dislikes, and food customs when planning a diet.

Alcohol Excess

Causes cirrhosis, liver and brain damage, birth defects, and the risk of cancer.

Food Label Comparison

Recognizes the value of label information and the percentage of Daily Values of each nutritional item listed per serving.

Stomach Fundus

Area where the bolus of food first enters.

Gastrin

Hormone that triggers the release of gastric juices.

Secretin

Hormone causing the release of sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of chyme.

Villi

Microscopic fingerlike projections in the small intestine.

Anabolism

Process that uses released energy to convert substances to simpler products.

Basal Metabolic Rate

Not contributed to by daily activity.

Peristalsis

Movement caused by rhythmic contractions of the muscular wall of the gastrointestinal tract.

Large Intestine Absorption

Involves water absorption, synthesis of B vitamins and vitamin K, and collection of food residue.

Fiber

Promotes health of the large intestine and provides from sources like corn, wheat, celery, and apple skins.

Glucose Metabolism

Controlled by the hormone insulin.

Glycogen

Storage form of carbohydrate.

Hyperglycemia

Condition referred to as high blood glucose.

Carbohydrates

Major source of energy for the body.

Monosaccharides

Simplest form of carbohydrate.

Bran

Tough outer covering of a grain kernel.

Waste Products of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Include carbon dioxide and water.

Fructose

Distinct from other sugars and not found in plants.

Potatoes

Good food source for complex carbohydrates.

Lactose Intolerance

Caused by insufficient lactase.