BIOSCI 202 Lab: Anatomy in Clay Muscle Activity

Vocabulary practice flashcards defining the origin, insertion, and actions for the major muscles of the head, neck, trunk, limbs, pelvis, and rotator cuff based on BIOSCI 202 Lab notes.

Temporalis

A head and neck muscle originating at the temporal fossa, inserting onto the coronoid process, and functioning to elevate and retract the mandible.

Sternocleidomastoid

A head and neck muscle originating at the superior, anterior manubrium and medial clavicle, inserting at the mastoid process and lateral part of the superior nuchal line, with actions to bend the neck forward, tilt the head, and rotate the head.

Rectus abdominis

A trunk muscle originating at the pubis (crest and symphysis), inserting at the xiphoid process and costal cartilage (5-7), which functions in flexion of the trunk and breathing via the ribs.

Pectoralis major

A trunk muscle originating at the anterior, medial clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilage 1-6, inserting at the greater trochanter of the femur, with actions of arm adduction and internal rotation.

Latissimus dorsi

A trunk muscle originating from the spinous process of T7-12, posterior iliac crest, ribs 9-12, and the inferior angle of the scapula, inserting into the intertubercular groove, and functioning in arm adduction and internal rotation.

Biceps brachii

An upper arm muscle originating at the coracoid process of the scapula and supraglenoid tubercle, inserting at the radial tuberosity, and acting in flexion and supination of the forearm as well as serving as a weak flexor of the upper arm.

Triceps brachii

An upper arm muscle originating at the infraglenoid tubercle and posterior humerus, inserting at the olecranon process of the ulna, and acting in extension and adduction of the forearm.

Deltoid

An upper arm muscle originating at the lateral clavicle, acromion process, and spine of the scapula, inserting onto the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus, and acting in arm adduction.

Extensor digitorum

A forearm muscle originating at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, inserting on digits 2-5, and functioning in finger extension (digits 2-5).

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A forearm muscle originating at the medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna, and proximal anterior radius, inserting at the middle phalanges 2-5, and acting in flexion of the fingers.

Iliopsoas

An internal pelvic muscle complex originating at the iliac crest (iliacus) and transverse processes of L1-L5 (psoas major/minor), inserting into the greater trochanter of the femur, and acting in flexion of the thigh.

Gluteus maximus

A lower limb muscle originating at the lateral posterior surface of the sacrum and coccyx as well as the posterior ilium, inserting onto the gluteal tuberosity of the femur, and functioning in thigh extension and external rotation.

Rectus femoris

A lower limb muscle originating at the anterior inferior iliac spine, inserting at the tibial tuberosity, and functioning in thigh flexion and leg extension.

Biceps femoris

A lower limb muscle originating at the ischial tuberosity, inserting onto the lateral head of the fibula, and acting in thigh extension, thigh external rotation, leg flexion, and leg external rotation.

Gastrocnemius

A lower limb muscle originating at the upper posterior medial and lateral condyle of the femur, inserting into the posterior calcaneus, and functioning in plantar flexion.

Tibialis anterior

A lower limb muscle originating on the lateral surface of the tibia, inserting at the medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1, and acting in foot dorsiflexion and inversion.

Supraspinatus

A rotator cuff muscle originating in the supraspinous fossa of the scapula, inserting onto the greater tubercle of the humerus, and acting in abduction of the arm.

Infraspinatus

A rotator cuff muscle originating in the infraspinous fossa of the scapula, inserting at the greater tubercle of the humerus, and acting in arm external rotation.

Teres minor

A rotator cuff muscle originating along the lateral border of the scapula, inserting at the greater tubercle of the humerus, and acting in arm external rotation and adduction.

Subscapularis

A rotator cuff muscle originating in the subscapular fossa of the scapula, inserting onto the lesser tubercle of the humerus, and acting in arm internal rotation.

Rotator Cuff

A group of shoulder muscles consisting of the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis.