lect 12 pt 1

What is the purpose of the nervous system?

It controls body signals and coordinates bodily activities.

What are the three main functions of the nervous system?

1. Sensory input,

2. processing and integration,

3. and motor output.

What is sensory input?

Receiving information from stimuli through receptor organs.

Where does processing and integration occur?

Primarily in the brain and spinal cord.

What is motor output?

Sending signals to effector organs to produce a response to stimuli.

What are the two functional divisions of the nervous system?

Sensory and motor pathways.

What are sensory pathways also called?

Afferent pathways.

What does afferent mean?

Information flows inward from peripheral structures toward the CNS.

What does CNS stand for, and what does it include?

Central nervous system; it includes the brain and spinal cord.

What 7 stimuli provide sensory information?

1. Vision,

2. smell,

3. hearing,

4. taste,

5. touch,

6. temperature,

7. and pain.

How do external stimuli produce sensory signals?

Stimuli activate sensory receptors, which send nerve impulses toward the brain and spinal cord.

What are the two main categories of sensory information?

Somatic sensory and visceral sensory.

What is somatic sensory information?

Generally conscious sensory information, such as seeing, smelling, hearing, and tasting.

What does conscious somatic sensory information mean?

You are aware of the information and can consciously choose how to respond to stimuli.

What are the two categories of senses?

General senses and special senses.

What are the 6 general senses?

1. Touch,

2. pain,

3. pressure,

4. vibration,

5. temperature

6. , and proprioception.

What is proprioception?

Awareness of joint position and movement, including posture and range of motion.

What are the 5 special senses?

1. Taste,

2. vision,

3. hearing,

4. balance,

5. and smell.

What is visceral sensory information?

Sensory information from internal organs, blood vessels, and other internal structures.

How does visceral sensory information differ from somatic sensory information?

Visceral sensory information is generally unconscious and involuntary, while somatic sensory information is generally conscious.

What information do visceral sensory pathways detect?

Stretch, pressure, chemical composition, and pain.

What are motor pathways also called?

Efferent pathways.

What does efferent mean?

Information flows outward from the CNS to peripheral structures.

What are the two main categories of motor pathways?

Somatic motor and visceral motor.

What are effector organs?

Structures that carry out motor signals or responses from the nervous system.

What are the effector organs of the somatic motor system?

Skeletal muscles only.

What does unconscious mean when describing visceral motor activity?

You are unaware of the activity, not necessarily unconscious or unresponsive.

What are the effector organs of the visceral motor system?

Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands.

What is the basic difference between afferent and efferent pathways?

Afferent pathways carry sensory information toward the CNS, while efferent pathways carry motor signals away from it.