apush unit 9 Roaring 20s and Great Depression

Red Scare

1917- Russia became concerned. fear of communists infilltration for worlwide rebellion

Michtell Palmer

conducted raids (witch hunts) = hysteria!

Bolsheviks

Russian Communists-- Lenin

Conservative trends

old: fundementalism, prohibiton, nationalism

Modern trends

new: culture-women, technology, ads, blacks, movies

Immigration Act of 1924

2% (based on1890 census) - against new immigrants (SE Europe)

National Origins Act

3% (based on 1910 census)

Sacco & Vazetti

immigrants executed for murder- bc of prejudiced judge and jury

KKK

only white, protestant, native born ( movie- birth of a nation)

Al Capone

Felon- bootleg- jailed for tax evasion

Speakeasy

illegal bar behind legit storefront

Prohibition

old stairstep, WCTU, Carry Nation- 18th Amendment bans Alcohol (1919)/ 21st repeals in 1938

Scopes Monkey Trial

Scopes sued and found guilty of teaching evolution and fined

William Jennings Bryan

''won'' monkey trial- prosecutor-looked ignorant and anti-science

Clarence Darrow

defence attorney

Roaring Twenties

Jazz age- lots of excitement

Henry Ford/ Model T

assembly line

-common ppl buy

-urban spiral

-other industries

Babe Ruth

baseball star (Yankees)

Wright Brothers

1903- 1st flight in Kitty Hawk, NC

Lindbergh

1927- 1st solo flight across Atlantic (Spirit of St Louis)

Al Jolson

the jazz singer- 21st talkie

talkie

movie where actors speak

Margaret Sanger

advocates birth control

flapper

''new women''- went against convention

Jazz

music of 1920s- Morton, Armstrong, Ellington

Lost Generation

writers who were disillusioned with materalism and loss of values

Great Gatsby

Fitzgerald, hemingway, Eliot

Harlem Renaissance

revival of black culture- hoped for equalityand reapect but didn't get it- ended with Great Depression

Harlem Renaissance Musicians

Bessie Smith, Duke Ellington, Jelly Roll Morton, Louis Armstrong

Langston Hughes

Harlem Renaissance Poet

Marcus Garvey

Harlem Renaissance political leader

Harding ''Return to Normalcy''

1921-1923

Albert Fall

tried to lease federal oil reserves

Ohio Gang

Hardings Cabinet of freinds- bad idea

Teapot Dome

main scandal of Hardings term

Washington Conference

1922- about disarmament

Nine power Treaty

upheld open door policy

Fordney-McCumber Tariff law

raised tariff

Kellogg-Briand Pact

banned war

1923-1929

Calvin Coolridge term date- ''the business of America is business''

1929-33

Herbert Hoover term date

Al Smith

lost 1928 election- Catholic and pro drinking

Sigmund Freud

father of sychroanalysis

Black Thursday

October 1929- stock market crash

Hoovervilles

shantytowns of the poor- blamed Hoover

rugged individualism

Hoover said charities should help and government bc it would weaken the nations character

Hawley- Smoot Tariff Act of 1930

raised tariff to help US business

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

government leading bank

Bonus Army

WWI veterens wanted pension- marced to DC- got little assistance

FDR

term date- 1933-1945

New Deal

plan for Great Depression

Relief, recovery, reform

The 3 R's

Hundred Days

1st 100 days of FDRs term- ''cranks it out''with starting New Deal programs

Emergency Banking Act

closes banks- only stable banks reopen

Fireside Chats

FDR radio broadcast- to tell US what government is doing

FDIC

insurence up to $5000 savings

CCC

young men- eniromental project

AAA

paid farmers not to farm- eliminates surplus

TVA

built dams- hydroelectric power

CWA

temporary construction- schools, playgrounds, roads

NRA

labor org- ''shot down'' by Supreme Court

WPA

$ for wages- photography (Lange is photographer)

Wagner Act

established NLRN- labor org

SEC

oversaw stock exchange/regulate

Social Security Act

pensions to ederly

Gold reserve act

ended gold standard

FHA

homeowners

PWA

dams, bridges, highways

American liberty league

thought New Deal was socialist

Charles Coughlin and Huey long

New Deal not doing enough- wanted guarunteed inocome ($2000, car, college)

Court packing

tried to add supreme Court justices- dropped when Supreme Court ruled pro New Deal

Dust bowl

midwest:

overfarming+dry+wind=Dust

Okies

Oklahoma families who moved west to Cal

Dorthia Lange

Pictures (photographer)- Migrant women

The Grapes of Wrath

steibeck book- life in Great Depression

21st Amendment

repealed 18th amendment 1933

Frances Perkins

1st women cabinet member (labor)

John Maynard Keynes

economy- deficit spending

Deficit spending

spending money to get economy going- hopes you can pay back later

Eleanor Roosevelt

Active 1st lady- radio- New Deal for blacks

Roosevelt Coalition

elected FDR- poor farmers

-blacks immigartion

-South

1937

recession date

Bull market

prices goin down- used in 20s

Bear market

prices going up