History Y8 Sem 2

What key event marked the end of the Western Roman Empire?

The Fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476.

What period did the Islamic Empire expand?

The mid 600s to 1200+.

Who was Charlemagne and what were the years of his rule?

Charlemagne ruled from 742-814, becoming King in 764.

When did the Viking raids begin?

The Viking raids started in 793 and lasted until about 1000.

What were the years of the Crusades?

The Crusades occurred from 1095 to 1291.

What disease swept through Europe from 1346 to 1352?

The Black Death.

When did the Ottoman Empire capture Constantinople?

The Ottoman capture of Constantinople was on May 29, 1453.

What period is referred to as the whole Medieval period?

The Medieval period lasted from 476 to the late 1400s.

What were the Silk Roads used for during the Medieval period?

Silk Roads connected Asia and Europe for trading.

What was the significance of the Black Death in medieval society?

The Black Death demonstrated how trade routes connected societies across Asia, Europe, and Africa.

What key event happened in 1066 in England?

The Battle of Hastings occurred, leading to William becoming the new King of England.

What is feudalism?

Feudalism was a system providing protection and provisions through a hierarchy of kings, nobles, knights, and peasants.

What role did the Church play in Medieval society?

The Church provided stability, education, and influenced daily life, conducting ceremonies and running schools and hospitals.

What were the living conditions of nobles in Medieval society?

Nobles lived in castles or manors, wore fancy clothes, and received an education.

What characterized the life of knights in Medieval society?

Knights were protectors, vassals to lords, and participated in battles and tournaments.

What were the living conditions of peasants in Medieval society?

Peasants were the poorest group, divided into serfs and freemen, and over 90% of the population.

What are the features of Motte and Bailey castles?

Motte and Bailey castles featured a wooden or stone keep, enclosed courtyard, and were vulnerable to fire.

What did Stone keep castles have that enhanced defense?

Stone keep castles were larger, more fire resistant, and surrounded by thick walls.

What distinguished concentric castles?

Concentric castles featured extra curtain walls with inner walls higher than outer.

What was the Black Death, and when did it occur?

The Black Death was a deadly pandemic that spread from 1346 to 1352, affecting Asia, Europe, and the Middle East.

What was the purpose of the Magna Carta?

The Magna Carta established limits on taxation and was a foundation for democracy.

What motivated the voyages of exploration in the Era of Colonisation?

Key motivations were the quest for new trade routes, land claims, and the pursuit of wealth and resources.

Who were some famous explorers during the Era of Colonisation?

Famous explorers included Christopher Columbus, Francis Drake, Amerigo Vespucci, and John Cabot.

What technological advancements supported exploration during this era?

Developments included the astrolabe, compass, and improved ship designs like carracks and caravels.

What is the Doctrine of Discovery?

The Doctrine of Discovery, issued by Pope Alexander VI in 1493, justified Spanish claims to non-Christian lands.

What were some impacts of the Doctrine of Discovery?

It justified colonization and led to the loss of land and cultural practices of First Nations peoples.

How did colonization impact the world?

While it spread European culture, it also resulted in invasions, enslavement, and the loss of indigenous identities.