Intelligence

Behaviors of intelligence

1. practical problem solving
2. verbal skills
3. social competence

Intelligence

ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new situations

Fluid intelligence

reasoning ability, new skills, solving abstract problems (declines starting from middle age)

Crystallized intelligence

ability to use knowledge that one already has (facts, vocabulary, etc.)(increases over lifetime)

Two Factor Theory of Intelligence

g factor (general intelligence) and s factor (specific factor)

Theory of Multiple Intelligences

1. musical
2. spatial
3. kinesthetic
4. linguistic
5. interpersonal
6. intrapersonal
7. logical
8. naturalistic

Savant Syndrome

exceptional ability in one area but not others

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

analytical, creative, practical

Emotional Intelligence

ability to perceive, manage, and use emotions

Marshmallow Test

related to self-regulation (EQ)

Flynn Effect

IQ scores are steadily increasing

Standardization

equivalent exams → fair comparisons

Relability

repeatability of results

Split-half reliability

are the scores similar for the two halves of the test?

Test-retest reliability

the more reliable the test → closer the correlation coefficient is to 1

Validity

does the test measure what it’s supposed to?

Content validity

how well does the test measure what you know?

Predictive validity

how well does a test actually predict what it’s supposed to?

Stereotype threat

fear of being viewed through a negative stereotype causes the person to confirm the stereotype

Alfred Binet

If mental age < chronological, child needs intervention

Lewis Terman

Stanford-Binet Test, IQ = (mental age/chronological age) x 100

David Weschler

WAIS = verbal score + performance score (for adults), modern IQ tests

Twin studies

identical twins vs. fraternal twins → compare correlation coefficients

Adoption studies

biological vs. environmental relatives