Drugs to learn- "A-C"

Indication- Adenosine (Adenoncard)

SVT (supraventricular tachycardia)

Indication- Albuterol (Proventil) (Ventolin)

Bronchospasm from asthma or COPD

Indication- Alcaine (Proparacaine)

Burns to the eyes or corneal abrasion

Indication- Amiodarone HCl (Cordarone)

VFib & VTach

Indication- Amyl nitrate

1. Acute cyanide poisoning with severe symptoms

2. Altered mental status

3. Dyspnea, cyanosis

4. Vomiting, seizures

Indication- (Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide

Bronchospasm that didn't improve w/ 1st albuterol

Indication- Aspirin (Acetylsalicylate acid)

Cardiac chest pain

Indication- Ativan (Lorazepam)

1. Active seizure or status epilepticus

2. Sedation to facilitate airway device placement

3. Maintenance sedative agent

4. Prior to a painful procedure (cardioversion)

5. Stimulant or hallucinogen ingestion induced chest pain and/or tachycardia

6. Excited delirium

Indication- Atropine

1. Symptomatic bradycardia 2. Organophosphate poisoning

Indication- Calcium Chloride

1. Hyperkalemia 2. Hypocalcemia 3. Magnesium OD 4. Ca Channel Blocker OD

Indication- Calcium Gluconate

1. Hyperkalemia 2. Magnesium OD 3. Ca Channel Blocker OD

Indication- Cardizem (diltiazem)-Calcium Channel Blocker

1. Afib or Aflutter w/RVR (Rapid Ventricular Rate)

2. PSVT (Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia) unresponsive to adenosine

How it works- Adenosine (Adenoncard)

Decreases electrical conduction through AV node

How it works- Albuterol (Proventil) (Ventolin)

Bronchodilation (beta 2)

How it works- Alcaine (Proparacaine)

Blocks impulses from sensory nerves

How it works- Amiodarone HCl (Cordarone)

Blocks Calcium, Na, K Channels

How it works- Amyl nitrate

Reducing agent that converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin

How it works- Sodium Nitrite

Reducing agent that converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin

How it works- Sodium Thiosulfate

Sulfate-forming compound that reacts with cyanide-methemoglobin complex in blood to detoxify the cyanide &allow for excretion in kidneys

How it works- (Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide

Causes bronchodilation and dries secretions

How it works- Aspirin (Acetylsalicylate acid)

Reduces platelet stickiness

How it works- Ativan (Lorazepam)

CNS depressant that causes muscle relaxation, sedation, and amnesia.

How it works- Atropine

Reverses vagal tone and blocks acetylcholine in organophosphate poisoning

How it works- Calcium Chloride

Helps conduct electrical current in the heart and assists in the normal contraction of the heart.

How it works- Calcium Gluconate

Helps conduct electrical current in the heart and assists in the normal contraction of the heart.

How it works- Cardizem (diltiazem)-Calcium Channel Blocker

Blocks movement of calcium into muscle and slows rate of ventricular response.

Contraindication- Adenosine (Adenoncard)

1. Hypersensitivity 2. Drug induced tach 3. Bradycardia

Contraindication- Albuterol (Proventil) (Ventolin)

Pregnancy (except in life-threatening situation)

Contraindication- Alcaine (Proparacaine)

1. Trauma/Laceration to the eye 2. Foreign body allergies to CAINE drugs

Contraindication- Amiodarone HCl (Cordarone)

1. Cardiogenic shock 2. Bradycardia

Contraindication- Amyl nitrate

1. Do not administer if IV established 2. Able to give sodium nitrite

Contraindication- Sodium Thiosulfate

Do not administer until after sodium nitrite administered

Contraindication- (Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide

1. Sensitivity to atropine 2. Bronchospasm due to allergic reaction

Contraindication- Aspirin (Acetylsalicylate acid)

1. Allergy to Aspirin 2. GI bleed 3. Hemorrhagic stroke

Contraindication- Ativan (Lorazepam)

1. Hypotension 2. Head injury 3. Pregnancy (except eclampsia seizure)

Contraindication- Atropine

Hypothermic bradycardias

Contraindication- Calcium Chloride

1. Cardiac arrest 2. Hypercalcemia 3. Digitalis

Contraindication- Calcium Gluconate

1. Cardiac arrest 2. Hypercalcemia

Contraindication- Cardizem (diltiazem)-Calcium Channel Blocker

1. Systolic < 90 2. Diastolic < 60 3. Wide complex tach

Dose- Adenosine (Adenoncard)

1st- 6mg 2nd- 12mg 3rd- 12mg

Dose- Adenosine (Adenoncard)

Fast IV, followed w/ flush

Dose- Albuterol (Proventil) (Ventolin)

1st- 2.5mg in 3mL, 2nd/3rd- Same

Dose- Albuterol (Proventil) (Ventolin)

If NO improvement after first dose, combine w/ Atrovent.

Dose- Alcaine (Proparacaine)

1-2 drops q5min

Dose- Alcaine (Proparacaine)

MAX of 3 doses

Dose- Amiodarone HCl (Cordarone)- VFib/VTach w/o P-

1st- 300mg IV/IO, 2nd- 150mg IV/IO

Dose- Amiodarone HCl (Cordarone)- VTach w/ P-

150mg over 10 mins

Dose- Amyl nitrate

1 ampule crushed and inhaled

Dose- (Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide

.5mg in 2.5mL

Dose- Aspirin (Acetylsalicylate acid)

324mg

Dose- Ativan(Lorazepam)

2-10 mg

Dose- Ativan(Lorazepam)

IV, IM, IN

Dose- Atropine- Sym Brady

.5mg IV q3-5 mins

Dose- Atropine- Sym Brady

Max of 3mg

Dose- Atropine- Poisoning

2-5mg q15mins until secretions stop

Dose- Calcium Chloride

10-15mg/kg

Dose- Calcium Gluconate

15-30mL of 10% solution

Dose- Cardizem (diltiazem)-Calcium Channel Blocker

1st- .25mg/kg, 2nd .35mg/kg

Dose- Cardizem (diltiazem)-Calcium Channel Blocker

IV push over 2 mins

Side Effects- Adenosine (Adenoncard)

1. Light headedness 2. Hypotension 3. Nausea

Side Effects- Albuterol (Proventil) (Ventolin)

1. Tachycardia 2. Hypertension 3. Restlessness

Side Effects- Alcaine (Proparacaine)

Initial burning or Stinging Sensations

Side Effects- Amiodarone HCl (Cordarone)

1. Hypotension if given rapid infusion 2. Bradycardia 3. CHF

Side Effects- Amyl nitrate

Hypotension - vasodilation

Side Effects- (Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide

1. Dry mouth 2. Nausea/vomiting

Side Effects- Aspirin (Acetylsalicylate acid)

None in emergency setting

Side Effects- Ativan (Lorazepam)

1. Hypotension 2. Respiratory depression 3. Confusion/stupor 4. Nausea 5. Vein irritation, phlebitis, or sclerosis

Side Effects- Atropine

1. Tachycardia 2. Blurred vision 3. Dry mouth

Side Effects- Calcium Chloride

Bradycardia and hypotension if too much is pushed too fast.

Side Effects- Calcium Gluconate

1. Bradycardia 2. Hypercalcemia

Side Effects- Cardizem (diltiazem)-Calcium Channel Blocker

1. Bradycardia 2. Hypotension