501 Week 2-Shoulder

What are the functions of the pectoral girdle?

supports, stabilizes and positions upper limbs

What bones compose the pectoral girdle?

• scapulae

• clavicles

• manubrium

What are the bones of the shoulder complex?

• scapula

• humerus

• clavicle

What is the function of the clavicle?

anchors upper limb to axial skeleton

What is the function of the scapulae?

serves as attachment site for many muscles, positions glenoid fossa for movements of humerus

ID structure

suprascapular notch

ID structure

coracoid process

ID structure

subscapular fossa

ID structure

glenoid fossa

ID structure

supraspinous fossa

ID structure

acromion

ID structure

spine

ID structure

infraspinous fossa

What is the classification of the sternoclavicular joint?

triaxial saddle

What are the movements of the sternoclavicular joint?

• elevation/depression

• protraction/retraction

• rotation

What is the classification of the acromioclavicular joint?

biaxial gliding joint

What are the movements of the acromioclavicular joint?

anterior/posterior and inferior/superior gliding

Which ligaments strengthen and support the acromioclavicular joint?

• acromioclavicular ligament

• coracoclavicular ligament

What is a shoulder separation?

Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation (types 1 and 2 nonsurgical)

What is the classification of the glenohumeral joint?

triaxial ball-and-socket (highly mobile)

Which ligaments strengthen and support the glenohumeral joint?

• glenoid labrum

• glenohumeral ligaments

• rotator cuff muscles/tendons

Which muscles stabilize the glenohumeral joint?

• supraspinatus

• infraspinatus

• teres minor

• subscapularis

What is the most commonly dislocated joint in the body?

glenohumeral joint dislocation (inferior and anterior most common)

What are the movements of the glenohumeral joint?

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, horizontal abduction and adduction

What is the classification of the scapulothoracic joint?

atypical

What are the movements of the scapulothoracic joint?

elevation, depression, abduction, adduction, upward rotation, downward rotation

ID muscle

supraspinatus

What is the actions of the supraspinatus?

arm abduction

What is the innervation of the supraspinatus?

suprascapular nerve

ID muscle

infraspinatus

what are the actions of the infraspinatus?

Arm lateral rotation, arm horizontal abduction

what is the innervation of the infrapsinatus?

suprascapular nerve

ID muscle

teres minor

what are the actions of teres minor?

Arm lateral rotation, arm horizontal abduction

what is the innervation of teres minor?

axillary nerve

ID muscle

subscapularis

what is the action of subscapularis?

arm medial rotation

what is the innervation of subscapularis?

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

ID muscle

teres major

What are the actions of teres major?

Arm adduction, arm medial rotation

what is the innervation of teres major?

lower subscapular nerve

ID muscle

deltoid

What are the actions of the deltoid

Arm abduction, arm flexion, arm extension, arm medial rotation, arm lateral rotation

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

axillary nerve

ID muscle

trapezius

What are the actions of the trapezius?

Scapula elevation, scapula retraction, scapula depression, scapula upward rotation

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

ID muscle

Levator Scapulae

What are the actions of the levator scapulae?

Scapula elevation, scapula downward rotation

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

dorsal scapular nerve

ID muscle

rhomboid major and minor

what are the actions of the rhomboid major/minor?

Scapula retraction, scapula downward rotation

What is the innervation of rhomboid major/minor?

dorsal scapular nerve

ID muscle

latissimus dorsi

What are the actions of the latissimus dorsi?

Arm adduction, arm medial rotation, arm extension

What are the innervations of the latissimus dorsi?

thoracodorsal nerve

ID muscle

serratus anterior

whata re the actions of the serratus anterior?

Scapula protraction scapula upward rotation

what is the innervation of the serratus anterior?

long thoracic nerve

ID muscle

pectoralis major

What are the actions of pec major?

Arm adduction, arm medial rotation, arm horizontal adduction

what is the innervation of pec major?

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

ID muscle

pec minor

What are the actions of pec minor?

Scapula protraction, scapula downward rotation

What are the innervations of pec minor?

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

What is typical shoulder abduction ROM?

180 degrees (120 of humerus abduction, 60 of scapular upward rotation)

What structure limits shoulder abduction when rotated medially?

coracoacromial arch

What contents does the axilla contain?

• axillary artery/vein

• brachial plexus

• lymph nodes

• adipose tissue