HR AD5

appropriation

authorised budget available for a defined purpose.

budgetary commitment

reserve appropriations for expenditure that will lead to subsequent payment.

legal commitment

the act creating the legal obligation toward the third party (e.g. contract/order)

validation

after checking supporting evidence, confirm the creditor is entitled, the amount is real/correct, payment conditions are met.

authorisation

instruct the accounting officer to pay the validated amount

payment

accounting officer executes payment

Process Change - Architecture

1) Rationale/intended outcome 2) Legal basis 3) Benchmark/current state 4) Stakeholder Consultation 5) Design 6) Legal/Operational/System risks 6) SC Consultation (if needed) 7) Adoption 8) Communication/Training 9) Implementation 10) Monitor/Review

Data Analysis - Outline

1) Observe (increased, fallen stable), 2) Qualify data (comparable?) 3) Investigate (equivalent periods, disaggregate by entity/profile, review exit periods/recruitment stage durations, workload indicators, actual engagement results) 4) Act (address recruitment bottlenecks, prioritise critical vacancies, introduce targeted workload/retention measures).

Workload indicators

1) Workload/case volume per FTE 2) Overtime/excess hours 3) Deadlines missed/backlog 4) Leave not taken 5) Short-term Absence Frequency 6) Use of interim staff

Targeted workload measures

1) Temporary redistribution of tasks 2) Prioritisation of non-critical work 3) Interim staffing 4) Process simplification/automation 5) Temporary support from other teams 6) Review staff allocation 7) Manager workload planning 8) Clearer prioritisation/deadlines

Strengthen transfer of learning: Actions

1) Involve managers in setting learning objectives, 2) create opportunities to apply new skills through assignments/projects/coaching 3) Evaluate whether training changes behaviour/performance afterwards.

Assess success / performance of a change

1 Compare — period, population, definitions, organisational context,

2 Describe — ↑ ↓ stable + management headline

3 Disaggregate — entity, profile/grade, user vs non-user, ST/LT

4 Investigate — where concentrated, when started, what changed, qualitative + quantitative sources

5 Act — target bottleneck/affected group, preserve what works, monitor

6 Recommend — maintain / adapt / pause + rationale

Assess Project / Budget Performance

1 Compare — planned vs actual: budget, milestones, timeline, outputs

2 Separate finance from delivery — committed ≠ delivered; paid ≠ progress

3 Check quality/readiness — defects, UAT/acceptance, training, operational readiness

4 Investigate variance — scope changes, delays, dependencies, contractor/internal causes

5 Classify risks — critical blockers vs manageable/post-go-live items

6 Act — recovery plan, priorities, owners, deadlines, resource adjustments

7 Recommend — go / adapt / pause based on clear criteria

8 Monitor — milestones, budget forecast, quality, risks, benefits after implementation