Unit 1 Anatomy

Integumentary

Its the skin, hair, nails, and sensory nerves. Main purpose is protection, temperature regulation, fluid balance, immune defense.

Skeletal

Structural framework of bones, ligaments, and joints. Main purpose is made up of bones, ligaments, joints, and cartilage.

Muscular

movement engine that helps movement and internal organ function

Nervous

body’s communication and control network, made of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Urinary

responsible for filtering the blood, remove waste, and balancing electrolytes to produce urine.

Digestive

responsible for breaking down food, absorb nutrients, and remove solid waste.

Circulatory

transportation network, made of the heart, blood and blood vessels. It delivers oxygen, nutrients, removes waste and keeps every organ alive and function

Lymphatic

fluid balance and immune defense network, made of lymph nodes, vessels and returns excess fluids to the bloodstream to protect from infections.

Respiratory

the body’s oxygen-delivery and carbon dioxide removal system, and its built from organs that allow you to breathe, exchange gases (nose, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Endocrine

body’s hormone producing (stress, reproduction, homeostasis, metabolism)

Epigrastric

In between the right and left hypochondriac (above umbilical region)

Hypochondriac

The right and left upper abdominal regions below the ribs

Umbilical

The middle region at the center of the abdomen

Lumbar

below hypochondriac regions (colon, kidney, intestine)

Hypograstic

below umbilical (has urinary, reproductive, and digestive)

iliac/inguinal

located at hip bones

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)

right side of rib cage, divided by midline and horizontal line through umbilicus.

Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)

lower right portion abdomen.

Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

lower left section of abdomen

Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)

upper left section abdomen

Homeostasis

self regulating process to stay stable and balanced

Stimulus

any change in internal or external environment that triggers response

Response

action your body takes after detecting a stimulus

Receptor

specialized cell or nerve endings that senses changes

Effector

part of your body that carries out the response after stimulus is detected

Control Center/Set Point

decision making core in homeostatic feedback loop

Feedback loop

full cycle your body uses to keep homeostasis

Negative feedback loop

reverse a change and bring body back to normal (ex. body gets to hot)

Positive feedback loop

intensified a change instead of reversing it, pushes the body further in the same direction until goal is reached

thermoregulation

keeping the body system at its internal temp stable

serous membrane

2 layers that covers the organs

outer (parietal)

outside

inner (visceral)

inside

serous fluid

lubricating fluid

pleura

lung

pericardium

heart

peritoneum

organs