CMPE

What is a computer?

An electronic data processing device that accepts input, stores data/instructions, processes data, and produces output.

What are the five basic functions of a computer?

Input, Storage, Processing, Output, Control.

What is the memory trick for advantages of computers?

Speed – Accuracy – Storage – Diligence – Versatility – Reliability – Automation (S-A-S-D-V-R-A).

What are the disadvantages of computers?

No IQ, Dependency, Environment, No Feeling.

What are the three major components of a CPU?

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), Memory Unit, Control Unit.

Define ALU.

Arithmetic Logic Unit; performs calculations and logical operations.

What does the control unit do?

Directs and coordinates operations, controls data transfer, and interprets instructions.

What is the difference between input and output devices?

Input devices send data INTO the computer; output devices give information FROM the computer to the user.

What is the purpose of cache memory?

Acts as a buffer between CPU and main memory, holding frequently used data/programs to speed up the CPU.

What is RAM?

Random Access Memory; volatile memory used while the computer is working.

Differentiate between SRAM and DRAM.

SRAM is faster, does not need refreshing, and is used for cache; DRAM is slower, needs refreshing, and is used for main RAM.

What is ROM?

Read Only Memory; non-volatile memory used for startup instructions.

How do you differentiate between primary and secondary memory?

Primary memory is faster, volatile, and holds current working data; secondary memory is slower, non-volatile, and used for long-term storage.

List the types of computers.

PC, Workstation, Minicomputer, Mainframe, Supercomputer.

What are USB ports used for?

Connecting peripheral devices to the computer.

Explain the term 'Motherboard.'

The backbone of the computer that connects all major components.