history progressive era terms

Gave Congress the power to collect income taxes from Americans.

16th Amendment –

Allowed citizens to directly elect U.S. Senators.

17th Amendment

Started Prohibition, making it illegal to make, sell, or transport alcohol.

18th Amendment –

Gave women the right to vote.

19th Amendment –

Created tests and rules for government jobs so people were hired based on ability instead of political connections.

Civil Service Reform –

Allows citizens to propose a law and put it on the ballot for voters to decide.

Initiative –

Allows voters to remove an elected official before their term ends.

Recall –

– Allows voters to approve or reject a law passed by the legislature.

Referendum

– A law designed to break up monopolies and promote fair business competition.

Sherman Antitrust Act

– Created the Federal Reserve System to manage the nation's money supply and help keep banks stable.

Federal Reserve Act (1913)

A religious movement that encouraged Christians to help solve social problems like poverty and inequality.

Social Gospel –

Journalists who worked to expose problems in society, corporations, and politics.

Muckrakers -

Progressive reformer who founded Hull House to help immigrants and poor families.

Jane Addams –

– Muckraking writer whose book The Jungle exposed unsafe conditions in the meatpacking industry.

Upton Sinclair

– Journalist and photographer who exposed poor living conditions in city slums.

Jacob Riis

Organization that fought to end child labor and improve working conditions for children.

National Child Labor Committee (NCLC) –

– Political party founded by Theodore Roosevelt that supported reforms like women's suffrage and direct election of senators.

Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party)

Law that required safer food and medicine by regulating products sold to consumers.

Pure Food and Drug Act

Progressive president known for trust-busting, conservation efforts, and consumer protection laws.

Theodore Roosevelt –

Progressive president who continued many reforms but supported higher tariffs.

William Howard Taft –

Progressive president who promoted the New Freedom program and worked to limit the power of monopolies.

Woodrow Wilson

– The first major women's rights convention in U.S. history, held in 1848.

Seneca Falls Convention

– Leader of the women's suffrage movement who fought for women's voting rights.

Susan B. Anthony

– Civil rights organization founded to fight segregation, discrimination, and racial violence.

NAACP

– African American leader who believed education and job skills would help Black Americans gain equality.

Booker T. Washington

– Civil rights leader who demanded immediate equality and helped found the NAACP.

W. E. B. Du Bois

– Organization that worked to win voting rights for women.

NAWSA (National American Woman Suffrage Association)

– Journalist and activist who exposed lynching and fought for civil rights.

Ida B. Wells

– Reform movement that wanted to reduce or ban alcohol because it was seen as the cause of many social problems.

Temperance Movement

– Supreme Court case that legalized racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)