hosa review

aristotle and hippocrates write about

tooth decay

diodes of carystus

oral hygiene

guy de chauliac

hygienic rules

leonardo da vinci

tooth morphology

pierre fauchard

father of modern dentistry; rejected idea of tooth worm

josiah flagg

developed dental chair

james b morrison

developed dental foot engine

james snell

developed reclining dental chair

william taggart

invented lost wax casting machine

john greenwood

washington’s favorite dentist

dr fones trained

irene morgan

premolars pulverize

food

molars perform

chewing process

anterior teeth have

single root and incisal edge

up to ___ nonsuccedaneous teeth in perm dentition

12

anatomical crown

covered with enamel

clinical crown

portion visible in mouth

anatomical crown

covered with cementum

clinical root

portion visible in oral cavity

anterior teeth surfaces

* mesial
* distal
* labial/facial
* lingual
* incisal edge

posterior teeth surfaces

* mesial
* distal
* lingual
* buccal/facial
* occlusal

incisal 3rd

crown area near incisal edge on ant. tooth

occlusal 3rd

occlusal surface of post. tooth

cervical 3rd

closest to cervical area/gingiva

middle 3rd

between incisal 3rd and cervical 3rd

apical 3rd

root area nearest apex

cervical 3rd of root

nearest crown

middle 3rd of root

btw apical and cervical 3rds of root

cusp of carabelli

5th cusp on maxillary 1st molars

pit

where grooves come together or fissures cross

mamelons on

max. central incisor

longest max. tooth crown

max. central incisor

max. lat. incisor

smallest in max arch

agenesis

tooth buds do not form

canine

* cornerstone of mouth
* root is longest in max. arch

considered for orthodontic removal

max. 1st premolar

has shorter mesial buccal cusp slope than distal

max. 2nd premolar

6-year molar

1st molar

has trifurcated root

max. 1st molar

12-year molar

max 2nd molar

smallest tooth in dentition

mand. central incisor

largest and strongest mand. teeth

mand. molars

anton van leeuwenhoek

discovered microorganisms

ferdinand julius cohn

classified bacteria as plants

louis pasteur

father of microbiology; heat kills pathogens; bacteria causes disease

robert koch

proved specific bacteria to be etiologic agent of disease

bacilli

rod-shaped

cocci

round-shaped

spirilla

s-shaped

vibrios

comma-shaped

diplococci

pairs of bacteria

staphylococci

clusters of bacteria

streptococci

chains of bacteria

bacteria-caused diseases

* tuberculosis
* legionellosis
* diphtheria
* perstussis
* tetanus
* strep throat
* staphylococcal infections
* bacillus antrhacis
* chlamydia

diphtheria

severe throat infection and fever

perstussis

whooping cough

tetanus

lockjaw; spores

strep throat

streptococcal infection

bacillus antrhacis

anthrax in grazing animals; humans obtain through cuts in skin or eating infected meat

chlamydiae

most common STD in US

protozoa have flagella for

movement

protozoa-caused diseases

* amebic dysentery
* periodontal disease
* malaria and sleeping sickness

amebic dysentery

contaminated drinking water; entamoeba histolytcia

malaria

mosquito

sleeping sickness

tstetse fly

rickettsiae

parasitic bacteria (lice, fleas, ticks, mites)

rickettsiae-caused bacteria

* rocky mountain spotted fever
* typhus
* head lice/pediculosis

yeast and mold-caused diseases

* candidiasis
* tinea (ringworm, athlete’s foot)

prion-caused disease

* mad cow
* creutzfeldt-jakob disease

viruses

smallest microorganisms

virus-caused disease

* measles, mumps, rubella
* epstein-barr virus (mononucleosis)
* west nile virus
* poliomyelitis
* chickenpox
* common cold and influenza

herpes simplex virus type I

lips, mouth, face

herpes simplex virus type II

genital area

hepatitis

inflammation of liver

hep b

major concern to dental personel; infected blood

ala of nose

wing; outer edge to nostril

sulcus/nasolabial groove

from ala to corner of mouth

tubercle of lip

small projection mid-upper lip

vestibule fornix

deepest point of vestibule

oral vestibule

pocket formed by cheek and gingiva tissue

fungiform papillae

strawberry effect

circumvallate papillae

largest and mushroom shaped

filiform papillae

hair-like projections on dorsal tongue

foliate papillae

vertical tissue folds on lateral border of base of tongue

sweet

tip of tongue

salty

anterior of tongue

sour

posterior of tongue

bitter

center posterior

parotid glands

largest salivary glands

sublingual glands

smallest salivary glands; floor of mouth

submandibular glands

walnut-sized; inner posterior mandible

mandibular first molar

* two pulp canals in one of its roots
* perm. teeth not succedaneous

maxillary laterals

sometimes congenitally missing

maxillary first premolar has

two roots

mandibular first premolar has

nonfunctioning lingual cusp

mandibular second molar has

four equally sized cusps

wedelstaedt chisel

slightly curved shank for class 3 and 4

three number instruments

chisels, hatchets, hoes

red band

8 and 12 blades

yellow band

16 and 20