language and culture exam slideshow 1

What are the elements of language that children learn by the time they are 5?

Sound system, word formation, grammar, vocabulary, word meaning, and how to use language appropriately.

What is the referential function in Jakobson's model?

The referential function conveys information.

According to Jakobson's model, what is language composed of?

Language is composed of a system of signs.

What is the role of signs in communication?

Signs communicate meaning from one mind to another.

What did J.L. Austin state about practical action in language?

He proposed the speech act theory, emphasizing 'How to do things with words'.

What are examples of speech acts?

Compliment, request, complain, suggest, demand, etc.

How is language tied to identity?

Language is tied to places and people.

What role does interaction play in identity?

Interaction is a means of signaling and interpreting identities and memberships.

What does Alessandro Duranti say about language in terms of social reproduction/change?

Language is a form of action that both presupposes and at the same time brings about ways of being in the world.

What are examples of social reproduction?

Use of honorifics, use of address terms, use of pronouns, use of kinship terms.

What is denotative meaning?

The literal or primary meaning of a word.

What is connotative meaning?

An idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.

What is language as a multipurpose tool used for?

Conveying information, accomplishing practical action, signaling identity and membership, reproducing and changing the social world.