Hormones practical

What hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland in response to increased blood osmolarity?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

What stimulates the secretion of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland?

Suckling by the infant, and uterine contractions during labor

Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

What is the function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

Stimulates secretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex

What hormone promotes cell division and growth?

Growth hormone (GH)

What is the target tissue for prolactin?

Mammary glands (specifically the milk-producing alveolar cells)

What hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Melatonin

What is the effect of decreasing ambient light levels on the pineal gland?

Stimulates secretion of melatonin

What hormone decreases blood calcium levels?

Calcitonin

What hormone increases blood calcium levels?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

What is the function of thymosin?

Promotes maturation of T cells for the immune response

What hormone is released by the adrenal cortex in response to stress?

Cortisol

What is the role of aldosterone?

Regulates electrolyte concentration and water retention in kidneys

What stimulates the secretion of insulin?

Increasing concentrations of glucose in the blood

What is the function of glucagon?

Increases blood glucose levels by promoting glucose release from the liver

What hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

What is the primary function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?

Stimulates ovarian follicle development in females and sperm production in males

What hormone is responsible for stimulating secretion of hormones that promote growth and metabolism?

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

What is the role of thyrotropin-releasing hormone?

Stimulates secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary gland

What does the adrenal cortex secrete in response to ACTH?

Cortisol (glucocorticoids)

What is the effect of increasing concentrations of potassium ions in the blood?

Stimulates secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex

What is the function of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)?

Decreases water loss by increasing reabsorption of water into the blood