DNA to protein

DNA is packaged into…

chromosomes

multiple linear chromosomes

eukaryotic

single circular chromosome

prokaryotic

DNA function

code for RNA and proteins

DNA regions that are converted into RNA and eventual proteins with a function

genome

sequence of DNA that codes for proteins

genome

how many genes do prokaryotes have after 1 promoter region

multiple

operon

promotor region and structural genes

central dogma

DNA to mRNA to protein

Transcription converts

DNA to RNA

Translation converts

RNA to AA/proteins

single mRNA strand codes for multiple proteins

polycistronic

3x mRNA nucleotides to 1x AA

codons

met (start) codon

AUG

3x stop codons

UAA UAG UGA

add AA to strand and reads codons with anticodon

tRNA

read mRNA strand and new tRNA molecules

ribosome

bacterial DNA sequence steps

initiation, translation, termination

DNA

mRNA

protein

transcription

translation

What would the resulting Prokaryotic mRNA sequence look like

after transcription of the template DNA gene below?

(DNA) 3’-GGGTACCATTTTTAC-5’

A. 5’-CCCCATCTUUUUACTA-3’

B. 5’-CCCGAUGGUAAAAAG-3’

C. 5’-UUUGUAAAAUGGUAC-3’

D. 5’-CCCAUGGUAAAAAUG-3’

D

convert DNA to RNA

A T C G

U A G C

What would be the resulting protein in the mRNA sequence

below after translation?

(mRNA) 5’-CCCAUGGGGAAAUGACCA-3’

A. Met-Gly-Lys

B. Pro-Met-Gly-Lys

C. Pro-Gly-Lys-Stop

D. Met-Gly-Lys-Stop

A

A cell has tRNA do not have anticodons on them. How would this effect

translation?

A. Translation would stop since RNA polymerase can not add

amino acids to the DNA strand.

B. Ribosomes would not be able to join to mRNA strands to begin

translation.

C. Translation would not be able to stop and the protein strand

would keep growing.

D. Translation would be inhibited since the tRNA can’t bind to the

mRNA to add new amino acids.

D

what is the process that bacteria has because transcription and translation occur at the same time

couple transcription-translation

where are the DNA and RNA in eukaryotes

nucleus

where is the protein in eukaryotes

cytoplasm

binda to promotor to start transcription

RNA polymerase

moves across DNA strand to read genes until it reaches termination site

RNA polymerase

where in the strand…

RNA polymerase detaches

mRNA strand is complete and detatches as well

termination site