AP studies period 4 test

What was the first Barbary war?

1801-1805 Thomas Jefferson was facing pirates and decided to stop paying ransom so he started a war with Tripoli. Also called the Tripolian war.

Impressment from the British happened under what president?

James Madison

What even is '“the deed is done” related to?

The Missouri Compromise

How is the Jacksonian Era consistent with the era of Good Feelings?

The Missouri compromise; created a balance, allowed states to be happy

How is the Jacksonian Era inconsistent with the era of Good Feelings?

The Missouri Compromise; kept slavery, created a divide between North and South

How did the War of 1812 divide the country?

The West supported it (this was the Democratic-Republicans along with Warhawks like Clay and Calhoun), and the East and major cities opposed it (New England federalists)

What are 2 things that explain the death of the federalists?

The War of 1812 (ended with a surge of American nationalism) and the Louisiana Purchase (expanded Democratic-republicans reach, land, and by driving feds away)

What year did the Whigs run 3 candidates in the presidential election and why? Who won the election?

1836, they wanted to prevent any candidate from having the majority vote. This failed, Martin Van Buren won.

What was so special about Martin Van Buren’s presidency?

His only term was ruined (‘martin van ruin’) by the Panic of 1837

When was the last time that the election was forced to the House?

With the election of 1824, the corrupt bargain.

Who did Jackson’s Indian Removal Act target?

The five ‘civilized’ tribes: Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek (Muskogee),, Chickasaw, and Seminole

What is ‘The Times’ picture of drunk people in the street related to?

The Panic of 1837

What is the picture of people in a line looking sad related to?

An election, expanding democracy

What is the SAQ topic?

How is the Jacksonian period like the era of the common man?

What is the LEQ topic?

Republican motherhood vs. ideas of the Seneca falls convention

What is the topic of the DBQ?

How slavery changed from 1754-1850

Who is the first Whig candidate to win? What is so special about him and what happened to his successor?

William Henry Harrison. He died a few months after winning. (‘Tippy Canoe and) Tyler (too’) took over as president but was kicked out of the Whig party for being a fake Whig.

Why did the Whigs form?

To oppose Andrew Jackson because of the bank war

What was the main goal of the American Colonization Society?

To encourage the funding and migration of free African Americans to Africa; they were racist.

All of the following accurately describe Jefferson’s purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France EXCEPT:

It opened the Mississippi River permanently to western farmers.

It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.

It was made possible by the failure of Napoleon’s forces to suppress a slave revolt in Haiti.

It showed Jefferson’s considerable flexibility in dealing with foreign policy.

It violated Jefferson’s own view concerning strict construction of the Constitution.

It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.

Andrew Jackson vetoed the recharter of the Bank of the United States partly because he believed that the bank

concentrated too much power in the hands of a few people

“It is not only important, but, in a degree necessary, that the people of this country, should have an American Dictionary of the English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England, . . . yet some differences must exist. Language is the expression of ideas; and if the people of one country cannot preserve an identity of ideas, they cannot retain an identity of language. . . . But the principal differences between the people of this country and of all others, arise from different forms of government, different laws, institutions and customs. Thus the . . . feudal system of England originated terms which formed . . . a necessary part of the language of that country; but, in the United States, many of these terms are no part of our present language,—and they cannot be, for the things which they express do not exist in this country. . . . The institutions in this country which are new and peculiar, give rise to new terms or to new applications of old terms, unknown to the people of England; which cannot be explained by them and which will not be inserted in their dictionaries, unless copied from ours. . . . No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, and assembly, court, [etc.] for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country.”

Noah Webster, “Preface,” An American Dictionary of the English Language, 1828

The historical concept of the American identity, as characterized in the excerpt, was most clearly distinguished from the identities of other nations by the

importance of liberal ideas about natural rights and liberties

“The creation of a home market is not only necessary to procure for our agriculture a just reward of its labors, but it is indispensable to obtain a supply of our necessary wants. . . . Suppose no actual abandonment of farming, but, what is most likely, a gradual and imperceptible employment of population in the business of manufacturing, instead of being compelled to resort to agriculture. . . . Is any part of our common country likely to be injured by a transfer of the theatre of [manufacturing] for our own consumption from Europe to America?

“. . . Suppose it were even true that Great Britain had abolished all restrictions upon trade, and allowed the freest introduction of the [products] of foreign labor, would that prove it unwise for us to adopt the protecting system? The object of protection is the establishment and perfection of the [manufacturing] arts. In England it, has accomplished its purpose, fulfilled its end. . . . The adoption of the restrictive system, on the part of the United States, by excluding the [products] of foreign labor, would extend the [purchasing] of American [products], unable, in the infancy and unprotected state of the arts, to sustain a competition with foreign fabrics. Let our arts breathe under the shade of protection; let them be perfected as they are in England, and [then] we shall be ready . . . to put aside protection, and enter upon the freest exchanges.”

Henry Clay, speaker of the House of Representatives, speech in Congress, 1824

The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following in the early 1800s?

The political debates over economic development

In Marbury v. Madison, the United Stated Supreme Court affirmed

its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments

Lowered travel times would have benefitted who the most?

Immigrants from western Europe

In the early 1830’s, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were

young unmarried women from rural New England

In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from

the United States Supreme Court

Many Americans were suspicious of the Second Bank of the United States for which of the following reasons?

They believed that it was controlled by a commercial elite.

“Louisiana as ceded by France is made part of the United States. Congress may make part of the United States other adjacent territories which shall be justly acquired.

“Congress may sever from the United States territory not heretofore within the United States, with consent of a majority of the free males above 21 years, inhabiting such territory.”

James Madison, secretary of state, proposed constitutional amendment [not passed], 1803

Which of the following best describes the historical situation in which the amendment was proposed?

The federal government sought to acquire more western land in North America.

One distinguishing feature of the new middle class that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s was

the separation of economic production from the home and family life

The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following?

Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

During the first half of the nineteenth century, the central and western areas of New York were known as the “burned-over district” because

of intense religious zeal created during the Second Great Awakening

“Build, therefore, your own world. As fast as you conform your life to the pure idea in your mind, that will unfold its great proportions. A correspondent revolution in things will attend the influx of the spirit.”

The 1836 passage above exemplifies which of the following intellectual trends?

Transcendentalism

“Free should the scholar be,—free and brave. . . . We have listened too long to the courtly muses of Europe. . . . We will walk on our own feet; we will work with our own hands; we will speak our own minds. Then shall man be no longer a name for pity, for doubt, and for sensual indulgence. . . . A nation of men will for the first time exist.”

Ralph Waldo Emerson, transcendentalist writer, 1837

Emerson’s remarks in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following developments during the early nineteenth century?

The emergence of a national culture

William Lloyd Garrison and the American Anti-Slavery Society were known for

advocating immediate and uncompensated emancipation

The dramatic increase in the South’s slave labor force between 1810 and 1860 was due to

the natural population increase of American-born slaves

Which of the following political changes most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening?

A participatory democracy expanded belief in the importance of the individual.

“Not far from this time Nat Turner’s insurrection [a slave rebellion] broke out; and the news threw our town into great commotion. . . .

“It was always the custom to have a muster every year. On that occasion every White man shouldered his musket. The citizens and the so-called country gentlemen wore military uniforms. . . .

“I knew the houses were to be searched; and I expected it would be done by country bullies and the poor Whites. . . .

“It was a grand opportunity for the low Whites, who had no Negroes of their own to scourge. They exulted in such a chance to exercise a little brief authority, and show their subserviency to the slaveholders; not reflecting that the power which trampled on the colored people also kept themselves in poverty, ignorance, and moral degradation. . . . Colored people and slaves who lived in remote parts of the town suffered in an especial manner. In some cases the searchers scattered [gun]powder and shot among their clothes, and then sent other parties to find them, and bring them forward as proof that they were plotting insurrection.”

Harriet Ann Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, published in 1861, describing events earlier in the nineteenth century

Which of the following claims best aligns with the evidence in the excerpt about the relationship between enslaved African Americans and White Southern citizens?

The slave system gave poor White citizens the feeling of social superiority over free and enslaved African Americans in a culture where African Americans held little power.

The theme of individualism is most evident in the writings of

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, women reformers were most active in the cause of

Temperance

Which of the following was a core belief of the transcendentalists of the early nineteenth century?

Individual conduct should be guided by truths found in the individual conscience.

The women’s movement in the antebellum period was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

close links with the antislavery and temperance movements

conventions in the Northeast and the Midwest, but not the South

involvement of middle-class women

a broad-based platform of legal and educational rights

demands for equal compensation for equal work

demands for equal compensation for equal work

All of the following contributed to the growth of the free African American population in the United States in the early nineteenth century EXCEPT

the gradual emancipation laws of individual states

manumission granted for Revolutionary War service

manumission granted by slaveholders’ wills

natural increase among free African Americans

federal constitutional provisions for emancipation

federal constitutional provisions for emancipation