MATH2023 Intro to Probability and Statistics Exam 2 Review

This collection of flashcards covers key vocabulary and definitions from the lecture notes on probability and statistics.

Boxplot

A graphical representation of statistical data based on the five-number summary.

Five-number summary

A data set summary that includes the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum.

Z-score

A statistical measurement that describes a value's relation to the mean of a group of values.

Significantly low

A score or value that is significantly below the average or expected range.

Significantly high

A score or value that is significantly above the average or expected range.

Percentile

A measure used in statistics indicating the value below which a given percentage falls.

Probability value

A value that quantifies the likelihood of an event occurring, between 0 and 1.

Independent events

Two or more events where the occurrence of one does not affect the others.

Mutually exclusive events

Events that cannot occur at the same time; the occurrence of one means the other cannot occur.

Random variable

A variable whose values are determined by the outcomes of a random phenomenon.

Discrete random variable

A random variable that can take on a countable number of distinct values.

Continuous random variable

A random variable that can take on an infinite number of values within a given range.

Probability distribution

A mathematical function that provides the probabilities of occurrence of different possible outcomes.

Mean

The average value of a set of numbers, calculated by dividing the sum of values by the count of values.

Standard deviation

A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values.