Activity Series of Metals and Single Displacement Reactions

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering rules, definitions, and specific reaction predictions from the Activity Series of Metals lecture notes.

Single Displacement Reaction

A chemical reaction that can only occur if the element doing the replacing (metal) is more reactive than the element being replaced in the compound, pushing the less reactive metal out of solution.

Solid Metal (Displacement Reaction)

The neutral reactant metal that loses electrons during the reaction and becomes a dissolved ion.

Cation in Solution (Displacement Reaction)

The positively charged ion dissolved in solution that gains electrons and precipitates out as a solid.

Activity Series of Metals

A chart ranking metals where a metal will replace any metal lower on the activity series chart; if the metal is not more reactive, no reaction will occur.

Lithium

The metal positioned at the top of the activity series of metals, representing the most reactive element on the chart.

Gold

The metal positioned at the bottom of the activity series of metals, representing the least reactive element on the chart.

Hydrogen (in Activity Series)

A nonmetal included on the activity series chart, located directly between lead and copper.

Displacement of $CuSO_4$ by $Zn$

The reaction $Zn(s) + Cu^{2+}(aq) + SO_4^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow Zn^{2+}(aq) + SO_4^{2-}(aq) + Cu(s)$ where zinc loses electrons to become a dissolved ion and copper cation gains electrons to precipitate out as solid copper.

Reaction of $PbSO_4 + Fe$

Produces $FeSO_4(aq) + Pb(s)$ because iron ($Fe$) is higher on the activity series than lead ($Pb$) and can replace it.

Reaction of $Sn(NO_3)_2 + Hg$

Results in no reaction because mercury ($Hg$) is lower on the activity series than tin ($Sn$) and cannot replace it.

Reaction of $Al(NO_3)_3 + 3Na$

Produces $3NaNO_3(aq) + Al(s)$ because sodium ($Na$) is higher on the activity series than aluminum ($Al$) and can replace it.

Reaction of $MgSO_4 + 2Li$

Produces $Li_2SO_4(aq) + Mg(s)$ because lithium ($Li$) is higher on the activity series than magnesium ($Mg$) and can replace it.

Reaction of $CuS + Mg$

Produces $MgS(aq) + Cu$ because magnesium ($Mg$) is higher on the activity series than copper ($Cu$) and can replace it.

A- mass number

z- atomic number (p+e)

X-Atomic symbole

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons

Isotopes have the same

# of protons and electrons

Reactivity

Isotopes have a different

Number of neutrons

Masses

The atomic mass show on the periodic table is

The average number

Avagadros law

Avogadro's Law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.

Pressure

Force exerted on an object per unit of surface area

Pressure unit

Pascal