CH. 11 SKIN, HAIR, NAILS (101-EXAM 1)

The nurse is admitting a 75 year old man with a 50 year history of smoking 1 pack of cigarettes per day. Among the patient's concerns is his chronic shortness of breath. One nail finding that demonstrates chronic hypoxia is

A. Pitting

B. Thickening and discoloration of the nail bed

C. Clubbing

D. Brittleness and cracking of the nails

C. Clubbing

All of the following skin lesions may be papular except

A. Warts

B. Acne

C. Nevi

D. Herpes Zoster

D. Herpes Zoster

The ABCDEs of melanoma identification do not include

A. Asymmetry: one half does not match the other half

B. Birthmark: cafe au lait spot that does not fade

C. Color: pigmentation is not uniform; there may be shades of tan, brown, and black as well as red, white, and blue

D. Diameter: greater than 6 mm

E. Evolving: any change in size, shape, color, elevation - or new symptom such as bleeding, itching, or crusting

B. Birthmark: cafe au lait spot that does not fade

A nurse observes a skin lesion with well defined borders on the upper left thigh. It is 1.5 cm in diameter, flat, hypopigmentated, and non-palpable. What is the correct terminology for this lesion?

A. Patch

B. Plaque

C. Papule

D. Macule

A. Patch

When assessing hydration, the nurse will

A. Pinch a fold of skin on the medial aspect of the forearm and observe for recoil to normal

B. Pinch a fold of skin on the abdomen and observe for recoil to normal

C. Pinch a fold of skin just below the midpoint of one of the clavicles and allow the skin to recoil to normal

D. Pinch a fold of the skin on the head and allow for skin to recoil in children

C. Pinch a fold of skin just below the midpoint of one of the clavicles and allow the skin to recoil to normal

A fair-skinned, blonde, 18 year old woman is at the clinic for skin examination. She reports that she always turns red within 10 minutes of going outside. She is planning a trip to Mexico and wants to avoid getting sunburned. Which of the following would be included in the teaching? (Select all that apply)

A. Excessive exposure to UVA and UVB rays increases risk of sunburn and skin cancer

B. Apply sunscreen or sunblock at least 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure

C. Avoid sun exposure between 10 AM and 4 PM to reduce UVA and UVB exposure

D. A mild sunburn is acceptable in a fair skinned blonde person

A. Excessive exposure to UVA and UVB rays increases risk of sunburn and skin cancer

B. Apply sunscreen or sunblock at least 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure

C. Avoid sun exposure between 10 AM and 4 PM to reduce UVA and UVB exposure

A patient presents to the clinic with erythematous vesicles on the face and chest. Some vesicles have broken open, revealing a moist, shallow, ulcerated surface; some have scabbed over. Which of the following infectious illnesses does the nurse suspect?

A. Varicella

B. Measles

C. Roseola

D. Herpes Simplex

A. Varicella

A 24 year old patient reports an itchy red rash under her breasts. Examination reveals large, reddened moist patches under both breasts in the skin folds. Several smaller, raised, red lesions surround the edges of the larger patch. What is the correct terminology for the distribution pattern of these smaller lesions?

A. Satellite

B. Discrete

C. Confluent

D. Zosteriform

A. Satellite

A 22 year old patient presents to the clinic with a large firm mass on her left earlobe. She had her ears pierced approximately 3 weeks ago. The mass began as a small bump and progressively enlarged to its current size of approximately 2.5 cm (1 in) in diameter. It is not tender, reddened, or seeping any drainage. What is the term used to describe this secondary skin lesion?

A. Crust

B. Luchenification

C. Keloid

D. Scale

C. Keloid

An 83 year old woman is undergoing a routine physical examination. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse consider an expected age-related variation?

A. Thinning of the skin

B. Increased skin turgor

C. Hypopigmented flat macules and patches over sun-exposed areas

D. Multiple purplish bruises on the arms and legs

A. Thinning of the skin

A patient has several red, inflamed, superficial, palpable lesions containing a thickened yellowish substance. How would the nurse document this lesion?

A. Papule

B. Pustule

C. Cyst

D. Vesicle

B. Pustule