Kinesiology muscles to memorize (final exam/practical)

anterior tibialis O/I/N/A

O: proximal lateral tibia, adjacent interosseous membrane, lateral condyle of tibia

I: plantar surface of medial cuneiform and base of first met

N: deep fibular N

A: dorsiflexion and inversion

extensor hallucis longus O/I/N/A

O: middle medial fibula and nearby interosseous membrane

I: through extensor retinaculum to first distal dorsal phalanx

N: deep fibular N

A: dorsiflexion (right at AOR so not much inversion/eversion)

extensor digitorum longus O/I/N/A

O: lateral tibial condyle, proximal anterior fibula and nearby introsseous membrane

I: goes through extensor retinaculum, splits into 4 tendons and attaches to distal phalanx of digits 2-5

N: deep fibular N

A: dorsiflexion and eversion

fibularis tertius O/I/N/A

O: distal 1/3 of medial fibula and nearby interosseous membrane

I: styloid process of 5th met

N: deep fibular N

A: dorsiflexion and eversion

fibularis longus O/I/N/A

O: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula

I: plantar surface of medial cuneiform and medial aspect of first met (goes through extensor retinaculum, around lateral malleolus, through the groove in the cuboid before insertion)

N: superficial fibular N

A: plantarflexion and eversion

fibularis brevis O/I/N/A

O: distal 2/3 of fibula

I: around lateral malleolus to base of styloid process of 5th met

N: superficial fibular N

A: plantarflexion and eversion

gastrocnemius O/I/N/A

O: posterior femur just above femoral condyles

I: joins with soleus to form achilles tendon and attaches on calcaneal tuberosity

N: tibial N

A: plantarflexion and inversion

soleus O/I/N/A

O: posterior surface of fibular head and posterior tibia just above soleal line

I: joins with gastroc to form achilles tendon and attaches on calcaneal tuberosity

N: tibial N

A: plantarflexion and inversion

plantaris O/I/N/A

O: lateral femoral condyle

I: long tendon that joins the achilles tendon

N: tibial N

A: slight knee flexor and plantarflexor

flexor hallucis longus O/I/N/A

O: distal 2/3 of posterior tibia

I: through groove in talus to base of first distal phalanx

N: tibial N

A: flex big toe (AKA slows down toe extension)

flexor digitorum longus O/I/N/A

O: posterior middle 1/3 of tibia

I: through tarsal tunnel to distal plantar surface of phalanges of 2-5

N: tibial N

A: flex toes

tibialis posterior O/I/N/A

O: proximal 2/3 of posterior tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane

I: around medial malleolus to every tarsal bone (except talus) and main attachment is navicular tuberosity

N: tibial N

A: inversion and plantarflexion

tibionavicular ligament

resists plantarflexion and eversion

tibiocalcaneal ligament

resists eversion

tibiotalar ligament

resists eversion and dorsiflexion

tibiospring ligament

resists eversion

calcaneofibular ligament

resists inversion and dorsiflexion

anterior talofibular ligament

resists inversion and plantarflexion (most commonly injured with ankle sprain)

posterior talofibular ligament

resists inversion and dorsiflexion

what are the prominent ligaments of the subtalar joint

calcaneofibular, tibiocalcaneal fibers (deltoid), interosseous and cervical ligaments

interosseous and cervical ligaments

bind talus and calcaneus and resist the extremes of all motions, especially inversion