2.1 Intro + 2.2 Chemistry Fundamentals

What is chemistry/fundamentals

Human body is composed of chemicals like…

salts, water, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids

Definition of chemistry

study of the composition of matter

Definition of mass

amount of matter present

What is made up of matter and occupies space?

everything nonliving and living

Definition of weight

measure of the gravitational pull on mass

What is the metric unit for weight in science?

kilograms

On Earth with constant gravity, mass and weight are roughly…

equivalent

Definition of elements

any of the fundamental chemical substances, each characterized by a distinct type of atom

Definition of atoms

Smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element.

Definition of chemical bonds

attractive force holding atoms together

Definition of nucleus

The dense core of an atom, composed of protons and usually neutrons.

Definition of electrons

Small, negatively charged particle that encircles the nucleus of an atom. 

Definition of protons

Positively charged particle in an atomic nucleus.

Definition of neutrons

Electrically neutral particle in an atomic nucleus.

Definition of atomic number

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Definition of atomic weight

The combined number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Definition of isotopes

Atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element but a different number of neutrons in its nucleus. Thus, an atom of an element with a different atomic weight than other atoms of that element.

Definition of radioactive

Property of some atoms that releases energy or pieces of matter at a constant rate.