SOC-101 ~Chapter 9 - Race and Ethnicity

Race is defined as

A group sharing physicals traits society deems socially significant

The Human Genome Project showed that:

Humans share most of their DNA

The One-Drop Rule classified people with any known Black ancestry as:

Black

The Brown Paper Bag Test illustrates:

Colorism

Irish immigrants eventually became incorporated into which category?

White Americans

Ethnicity is primarily based on:

Shared cultural heritage

Minority status is mainly about:

Power

A numerical majority can still be a minority group if it:

Lacks social power

Thomas Theorem states:

Definitions of situations have real consequences

Racial stereotypes in public spaces may affect who is perceived as:

Threatening

Colorism refers to:

Unequal treatment based on skin tone

Racialization is:

Assigning racial meaning to people or practices

Microaggressions are:

Seemingly innocent statements reflecting racial bias

Double consciousness was developed by:

Du Bois

Durkheim's mechanical solidarity emphasizes:

Shared culture and language

Cultural pluralism means:

Groups maintain identities while sharing equal status

Amalgamation refers to:

Blending through intermarriage and integration

Assimilation occurs when:

Minorities adopt majority culture

Segregation is:

Physical and social separation of groups

Expulsion means:

Forced removal of a population

Internal colonialism involves:

Dominant-group control within the same country

Genocide is:

Systematic destruction of a group

Withdrawal is a response involving:

Migration or ethnic enclaves

Passing Involves:

Blending with the dominant group

Codeswitching means:

Acting one way publicly and another privately

White privilege refers to:

Unrecognized advantages associated with being White

Prejudice is:

A belief resistant to contrary evidence

Stereotyping means:

Generalizing traits to all members of a group

Institutional discrimination is:

Discrimination embedded in institutions and practices

According to Merton, who rejects prejudice and consistently opposes discrimination even at personal cost?

All-Weather Liberal

Which statement best reflects the sociological understanding of race?

Race is a social construct based on socially significant traits

According to your notes, visible physical differences do NOT determine:

Intelligence or social skills

Which concept refers to how others may classify you differently from how you identify yourself?

Identity versus categorization

Racial labels vary across societies and historical periods because they are:

Socially constructed

Which area of life can be influenced by teacher expectations and disciplinary practices?

Education

In sports, racial stereotypes may influence assumptions about:

Athletic positions and leadership ability

In health care, racial bias may affect:

Interpretation of symptoms and treatment decisions

Which statement best describes a minority group?

A group lacking political, economic, or social power

. A group that experiences discrimination because of disability would be considered a minority group because:

Disability is a socially significant characteristic

Which concept explains assigning racial meaning to a group's behaviors or practices?

Racialization

"Where are you really from?" may be considered a microaggression because it can:

Reflect assumptions about belonging

According to Du Bois, double consciousness involves:

Seeing oneself through the eyes of others

Dueling consciousness describes:

Two competing identities within one person

Which would strengthen Durkheim's mechanical solidarity?

Shared language and traditions

Cuban American and Ethiopian American communities are examples of how ______ can strengthen solidarity.

Shared cultural traditions

According to the notes, racism is functional primarily for:

Some individuals but not others

Which concept involves maintaining distinct cultures while enjoying equal participation in society?

Cultural pluralism

Which social process may produce entirely new cultural identities?

Amalgamation

A minority group adopting the customs of the dominant group is an example of:

Assimilation

Redlining is an example of:

Institutional discrimination

Which response to discrimination involves openly challenging injustice?

Resistance

A person changes their surname to avoid ethnic discrimination. This is an example of:

Passing

A person acts differently at work than at home to fit dominant social expectations. This is:

Codeswitching

Which term describes beliefs that remain unchanged despite contradictory evidence?

Prejudice

A stereotype that a particular racial group is naturally good at math is racist because:

"Positive" stereotypes still generalize groups unfairly

Denying someone a job because of race is an example of:

Individual discrimination

Which institution can contain institutional discrimination according to the notes?

All of the above

Which Merton category believes prejudiced ideas and openly discriminates?

Active Bigot

Which Merton category rejects prejudice but discriminates when convenient or advantageous?

Fair-Weather Liberal

Colorblind racism refers to:

Failing to acknowledge race and therefore missing racism's effects

Prejudice is likely to change

false

Segregation by law

Dejure segregation

In fact Segregation

Defacto Segregation