23. electric potential

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11 Terms

1

Electrical Energy

An indispensable ingredient of our technological society.

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2

Potential

A key concept crucial for understanding how electric circuits work.

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3

Work Done

The work done by a force is given by a line integral over the displacement.

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4

Work-Energy Theorem

The change in kinetic energy during a displacement equals the total work done on the particle.

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5

Electric Potential Energy

The work done by the electric field can be calculated as the product of force magnitude and displacement.

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6

Coulomb’s Law

Gives the force between charged particles: F = [1 / (4 π ε0)] [qq0 / r²].

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7

Electric Potential Energy of Two Point Charges

Given by U = [1 / (4 π ε0)] [qq0 / r], proportional to (1/r).

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8

Equipotential Surface

A three-dimensional surface where the electric potential is the same at every point.

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9

Voltage

The difference in electric potential between two points, measured in volts.

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10

Electron Volt

A unit of energy equal to the energy gained by a charge of one coulomb moved through an electric potential difference of one volt.

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11

Potential Gradient

Describes the relationship between electric field and potential, defined as E = -∇V.

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