Andrew Jackson

Election of 1824

Jackson wins electoral and popular vote, but not by a majority; John Quincy Adams wins due to the 'Corrupt Bargain'.

Corrupt Bargain

Alleged deal between J.Q. Adams and Henry Clay to throw the election to the House of Representatives in Adams' favor.

Nationalistic views of John Quincy Adams

Belief in a very active federal government promoting science and math breakthroughs.

Era of the Common Man

Period starting in 1828 where Jackson represented the common people in opposition to the elite.

Universal white male suffrage

The ability for all white males to vote.

Spoils System

Policy of rewarding political supporters with public office, widely abused by office seekers. 1829

King Caucus

Informal system where members of Congress from a political party selected presidential nominees.

Two Party System

Political structure consisting of large parties, specifically the Democrats and National Republicans.

Workingmen’s Party

Political party that appealed to people who had shown little interest in politics before.

Rotation in Office

Supported by Jackson; the idea of limiting a person to one term in office.

Tariff of Abominations (1828)

Tariff promoted by Jacksonians that angered Southerners due to increased prices for goods.

Peggy Eaton Affair

Contributed to the rise of Jackson's 'Kitchen Cabinet' and led to the firing of his cabinet members.

Nullification Crisis

Conflict between Jackson and South Carolina over the Tariff of Abominations, which SC declared unconstitutional. (1832-1833)

Compromise Tariff of 1833

Passed to resolve the Nullification Crisis by gradually lowering tariffs over ten years.

Force Bill

Allowed Jackson to send military troops to South Carolina to collect taxes. (1833)

Indian Removal Act

Order for the removal of Indian tribes from the eastern US to territories west of the Mississippi. (1830)

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)

Supreme Court ruled that Cherokees were not a foreign nation and had no right to sue in federal court.

Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

Supreme Court ruling that Georgia laws had no force within Cherokee territory.

Black Hawk War (1832)

Conflict in Illinois between Americans and Indian tribes trying to regain territory.

Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

Forced march of Cherokee Indians leading to thousands of deaths while moving west.

The Bank War (1832)

Conflict between Jackson and supporters of the national bank regarding its renewal.

Pet Banks

State banks that received federal deposits after Jackson dismantled the National bank.

Specie Circular (1836)

Requirement for public lands to be purchased with hard currency after paper money became unreliable.

Panic of 1837

Economic crisis triggered by bank failures, inflation, and changes in trade.

Election of 1836

Whigs nominated three candidates, leading to Martin Van Buren’s victory.

Log Cabin and Hard Cider Campaign (1840)

Whig strategy to depict Harrison as humble and Van Buren as wealthy to win the election.

Women white settlers

Preferred daily activities with assistance, faced isolation, and caused environmental damage.